Dr. Felipe Fregni is the director of the Spaulding Neuromodulation Center. He has an M.D. and Ph.D. from the University of Sao Paulo, M.M.Sc. Scholars in the Clinical Science Program at Harvard Medical School, an M.P.H. in clinical effectiveness at the Harvard School of Public Health, and a Master of Education (M.Ed.) from Harvard Graduate School of Education. He completed his neurology residency at the University of Sao Paulo, postdoctoral training in neuroscience at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, and was a visiting fellow in neurophysiology at the Federal University of Pernambuco and in clinical neurophysiology at the University of Goettingen, Germany. He is an associate professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Harvard Medical School and an associate professor in the Department of Epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. Dr. Fregni’s major research interests include the development of noninvasive brain stimulation techniques to understand and also to guide interventions aimed at modulating neuroplasticity in chronic neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions associated with maladaptive plasticity, such as chronic pain and poststroke motor rehabilitation. His contribution to science has given him the recognition of being a pioneer in transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation.