In the rotary steering system of oil drilling, both power and data transmission are needed. This paper presents a parallel power and data transmission method for a rotating steering system with output voltage control. To reduce the size of the system, power and data are transmitted through the same rotational coupling mechanism. A power transfer resonance circuit is used to suppress the influence of the power transfer on data transmission. Therefore, crosstalk interference between the power and the data transmission channel is negligible. The experimental prototype is built, and the feasibility of the data transfer method and the closed-loop control method is verified. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.

The reverse push-the-bit rotary steerable method based on the principle of a “labor-saving lever” provides a feasible technical solution for further improving trajectory control ability of the rotary steerable drilling system, further prolonging the system’s service life and further increasing the system’s drilling speed. In order to reveal the working characteristics of such a method deeply, the influence of the key structural parameters of the rotary steerable drilling system on its trajectory control ability is studied based on the finite element method. The results show that, with the certain distance from the bit to the centralizer, the structural parameters of the flexible joint, the distance from the flexible joint to the paranoid mechanism, and the distance from the paranoid mechanism to the centralizer are the main factors to affect trajectory control ability. Reducing the stiffness of the flexible joint, shortening the distance from the flexible joint to the paranoid mechanism, and optimizing the distance from the paranoid mechanism to the centralizer are the keys to improve trajectory control ability to the utmost. The performance of the reverse push-the-bit rotary steerable method with optimized parameters is obviously better than the existing method, but its actual drilling effect needs to rely on on-site verification and further optimization.

Impact Drilling Technology is one of the most effective methods for enhancing the penetration rate and efficiency in hard rock formations. Downhole axial vibration impact tools can provide a stable impact load, but they also increase the complexity of the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) motion. Addressing the problem of vibration fatigue in the lower BHA when subjected to high-frequency impact stresses during impact drilling, this study utilizes finite-element impact modules and Design-Life fatigue analysis software to establish a nonlinear dynamic model of the drill string assembly under axial excitation. It investigates the influence patterns of control parameters, such as the impact energy and impact frequency, on BHA vibration damage and rock-breaking efficiency. The results show that the vibration characteristics of the BHA are significantly affected by the impact tool’s control parameters. Increasing the input impact energy intensifies the amplitude of alternating stress in the drill string system. Meanwhile, the equivalent stress fluctuation of the drill string tends to stabilize at high frequencies above 100 Hz, indicating that high-frequency impacts are beneficial for mitigating vibration damage and prolonging the service life of the BHA. This study provides a theoretical basis for reducing the drill string fatigue damage and optimizing the drilling parameters for an improved performance.