A kind of core–shell hybrid composite (P@BMMs) as a drug carrier was prepared through seed polymerization method, in which, biomodal mesoporous materials (BMMs) as core and copolymer poly(N-isopropylacryl-acrylamide)-co-poly(acrylicacid) [P(NIPAM-co-AA)] with pH- and temperature-responsive characteristics as shell. Its structural features and textural parameters were characterized using various techniques. The kinetic and thermodynamic evaluation demonstrated the existence of hydrogen bond interaction between IBU and P(NIPAM-co-AA)-coated surfaces. Meanwhile, the smart thermo/pH-responsive properties of ibuprofen (IBU) release could be regulated through adjusting coated amount of copolymer. Specially, the responsive properties of P@BMMs were traced by small-angle X-ray scattering technique, suggesting the surface roughness and structural irregularities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Hierarchical porous N-doped carbon spheres featuring a combination of micropores, mesopores and macropores as well as tuneable properties were synthesised using dopamine as a carbon precursor and triblock copolymers (F127, P123 and F127/P123 composites) as templates via direct polymerisation-induced self-assembly. The structures and textures of these materials were characterised using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherm analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The sample synthesised at an F127:P123 molar ratio of 1:3 (NCS-FP3) exhibited the highest surface area (463 m²/g) and pore volume (0.27 cm³/g). The hydrophobic/hydrophilic molar ratios of the templates were adjusted to control the morphology of the corresponding micelles and hence the porous structures and morphologies of the carbon spheres, which exhibited high CO₂ capture capacities (2.90–3.46 mmol/g at 273 K and 760 mmHg) because of their developed microporous structures and N doping. Additionally, NCS-FP3 exhibited an outstanding electrochemical performance, achieving a high specific capacitance (328.3 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g) and outstanding cycling stability (99.2% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles). These high CO₂ capture and electrochemical performances were ascribed to the beneficial effects of pore structures and surface chemistry features.

The bimodal mesoporous silicas nanoparticles (BMMs) with small size of 20–50 nm and mesoporous silicas nanoparticles (MSNs) with large sizes from 80 nm to 280 nm were synthesized using sol–gel method. These functionalized mesoporous silicas composites with different sizes were acquired by environmental responsive (pH/temperature) copolymer coated onto the mesoporous silica hosts via the seed polymerization method. The structural features and textual parameters of resultant samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, thermogravimetric analyses, FT-IR, DLS, SAXS technologies, indicating that copolymer was successfully coated on the mesoporous silicas. Meanwhile, functionalized mesoporous silicas composites as drug carries were used to explore the pH/temperature responsive efficiency. These results showed that compared with the blank mesoporous silicas nanoparticles, mesoporous silicas composites realized a reduced initial burst release. In particular, the particle size of mesoporous silicas composites effects on the release behaviors were found that the smaller composite nanoparticles with short mesoporous channels exhibited highly pH/temperature response compared to the larger composite nanoparticles with long mesoporous channels. Meanwhile, their IBU-release kinetic profiles followed Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Moreover, the toxicity of mesoporous silicas composites was evaluated in vitro. It found that the particle size of mesoporous silicas composites was essential for its cytotoxicity. Graphical abstract Influence of particle size of mesoporous silica composite nanoparticles coated with pH/ temperature responsive copolymer on Ibuprofen release behaviors

A kind of hierarchical porous carbon (HCN) with three-dimensional network frameworks was successfully prepared by solvent-free nanocasting method using glucose as carbon source and ordered MCM-41 type of mesoporous silica with the different particle sizes as template. Meanwhile, its structure features and texture parameters were characterized by using XRD, N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms, SEM and TEM, FT-IR, Raman spectrum, XPS techniques. These results demonstrated that during the process of pyrolysis glucose was strongly interacted with mesoporous silica, leading to effective loading, then inverse duplicated the structure of mesoporous silica. The obtained sequence of hierarchical porous carbons possessed well-interconnected network structure and tunable wall thickness and size of network macropore. As demonstrations, the capacity of absorbed CO₂ for serials of hierarchical porous carbons with three-dimensional network frameworks under room temperature was investigated. The result of CO₂ adsorption isotherms indicated that the HCN pore architecture and morphologies played a key role in the CO₂ capture process, specifically the size of network macropore and thickness of macroporous wall significantly affected the textural structure, the high microporous contents were benefit with improving the capacity of absorbed CO₂.

CaBTC MOF and related derived materials offer promising potential for CO₂ capture.

The chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) has been widely used for surface modification of critical materials and components and provided global planarization of topography with a low post-planarization slope high quality and efficiency. The colloidal silica slurries play an important role in the finishing processes of optical components. Monodisperse mesoporous silica nanospheres were synthesized with different surfactant by Stöber method. Their architectural features and texture parameters were characterized by XRD, FTIR, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, SEM, XPS, and TGA techniques. The spherical SiO2 products presented with the controllable 50-150 nm particle size and distribution. The AFM micrographs reveal that flat and smooth surfaces without distinct scratches residual particles are achieved by using the as-obtained composite particles as abrasives[The particle size of SiO2 slurry plays a critical role in the chemical-mechanical polishing process.