The motion of non-spherical particles with sharp edges, as they are commonly involved in practice, was characterized by residence time distribution (RTD) measurement in a continuous drum. Particles with two sizes, 6 and 10 mm, and two densities, 750 and 2085 kg/m³, were used in the experiments. The effects of rotation speed (3–11 rpm), incline angle (2–4°), feed rate, and mixture composition were investigated and compared to the results of other researchers on particles without sharp edges. We also fitted the RTD with an axial dispersion model to obtain a better insight into the flow behavior. MRT of non-spherical particles with sharp edges depends on ω^−α similar to other shapes, while the value of alpha is higher for particles with sharp edges (0.9 < α < 1.24), especially at high incline angles. The MRT depends on incline angle, β^−b, where b varies between 0.81 (at low ω) and 1.34 (at high ω), while it is close to 1 for other shapes. Feed rate has a slight effect on the MRT of particles with sharp edges and the effect of particle size diminishes when rotation speed increases. The MRT linearly increases with volume fraction of light particles in a mixture of light and heavy particles (from pure heavy to pure light particles).

Characterization techniques are essential for understanding powders’ complex behavior. Among different devices, the Anton Paar Powder Rheometer (MCR-302) was used to characterize high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The powder has a 214 μm median diameter and is classified as free-flowing. The rheometer measures the torque required to rotate an impeller within the powder cell over a wide range of impeller rotation velocities from 0.6 rpm to 600 rpm. The steady-state torque dependence on the rotation velocities of the impeller follows a function (similar to shear thickening) as in the mu-I-rheology, reflecting that the torque is sensitive to inertial/viscous effects at higher rotation velocities (60 and 600 rpm) while quasi-static at lower rotation velocities (0.6 and 6 rpm). Our results indicate that the dry air fluidization at 600 rpm has a minimal effect on the steady-state torque.