This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the combined effects of depression and obesity on ischemic heart disease and its subtypes. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 were used. A total of 29,050 participants aged 20 years or older were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations between depression symptom and ischemic heart disease. There were significant correlations between depressive symptoms and ischemic heart disease [OR and 95% CI 2.44 (1.91, 3.10)] and its subtypes: coronary heart disease [2.32 (1.67, 3.23)], heart attack [2.18 (1.71, 2.78)], and angina [2.72 (1.96, 3.79)].The synergistic effects of depression with obesity (BMI ≥ 30) and central obesity (waist ≥ 102/88 cm for men/women) on ischemic heart disease were estimated and expressed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). The RERI and AP with 95% CIs of depression and central obesity for ischemic heart disease were 1.10 (0.01, 2.19) and 0.35 (0.06, 0.64). When we analysed the other three subtypes of ischemic heart disease, we only found depressive symptoms and central obesity could have a meaningful synergistic effect on heart attack (RERI: 0.84 (− 0.28, 1.96) AP: (0.31 (0.00, 0.69)).

The association between ambient temperature and cardiovascular mortality varied by regions, populations, and climates. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of cardiovascular mortality using 229,288 death cases of cardiovascular disease in Qingdao China from 1 January 2009, to 31 December 2017. A distributed lag non-linear model was used. The temperature showed a negative association with the cardiovascular mortality. The RR of cardiovascular death at −4.8 °C was 2.05 (95% CI: 1.55, 2.69). The high temperature had acute and short-term effects with the maximum risk occurring 0 day of exposure. The low temperature had the greatest effect on the 4th lag day. The cold temperature effect was stronger for males than females. The estimates of temperature-related cardiovascular mortality risk were higher in people age ≥75 years. Our study showed that the cold and hot ambient temperature had a relationship with the risk of cardiovascular mortality.

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between smoking cessation and depressive symptoms and investigate the mediating role of dietary quality. Methods: We used data from the 2007–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the associations between smoking cessation and depressive symptoms. Stratified analysis was performed according to different HEI levels. We examined the mediating role of HEI in the relationship between depressive symptoms and cessation duration using the Karlson–Holm–Breen (KHB) method. Results: A total of 20,004 participants aged 20 years or older were included in the analyses. There were significant correlations between years for smoking cessation and depressive symptoms (OR: 0.985, 95% CI: 0.971~0.999) after adjusting for correlation covariables. A likelihood ratio test showed that there was an interaction between smoking cessation and diet quality (p = 0.047). In the mediation analysis, we estimated that the increase in HEI scores after quitting smoking could explain the 6.91% decline in depressive symptoms. Conclusion: In this cross-sectional study, smoking cessation showed a protective effect on depressive symptoms and that diet quality can influence and mediate this association.

Results from longitudinal studies on involuntary retirement and depression remain controversial. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, Wanfang, and VIP updated on 4 January 2022 were searched for eligible publications. Pooled relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model. Eight published articles with 14,604 participants for the effect of involuntary retirement on depression incidence and 26,822 participants for the relationship between depression and involuntary retirement were included. Compared with working, the pooled RR for depression was 1.31 (95% CI, 1.13–1.51; I² = 37.7%) for the involuntary retirement overall. For involuntary retirement, the pooled RR was 1.70 (95% CI, 1.28–2.25; I² = 84.2%). The associations between involuntary retirement and depression did not substantially change in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. No evidence of publication bias was found. This meta-analysis indicates that there might be mutual causal relationship between involuntary retirement and depression. More large longitudinal studies with different gender and income levels are needed.

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the combined effects of depression and obesity on ischemic heart disease and its subtypes. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018 were used. A total of 29,050 participants aged 20 years or older were included in the analyses. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the associations between depression symptom and ischemic heart disease. There were significant correlations between depressive symptoms and ischemic heart disease [OR and 95%CI: 2.44(1.91,3.10)] and its subtypes: coronary heart disease [2.32(1.67,3.23)], heart attack [2.18(1.71,2.78)], and angina [2.72(1.96,3.79)].The synergistic effects of depression with obesity (BMI≥30) and central obesity (waist ≥102/88cm for men/women) on ischemic heart disease were estimated and expressed using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP). The RERI and AP with 95% CIs of depression and central obesity for ischemic heart disease were 1.10(0.01,2.19) and 0.35(0.06,0.64). When we analysed the other three subtypes of ischemic heart disease, we only found depressive symptoms and central obesity could have a meaningful synergistic effect on heart attack (RERI: 0.84(-0.28, 1.96) AP:(0.31(0.00, 0.69)).