Acute or chronic wounds are one of the most common health problems worldwide and medicinal drugs or traditional remedies are often used in wound healing. Further studies regarding wound treatment are rapidly continuing. Vitexin is a phenolic compound, which is found in many medicinal plants, has different pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant. In the present study, it is aimed to investigate the wound healing effect of formulation prepared as chitosan-based gel with vitexin in vivo and in vitro. Cytotoxicity and wound healing assays were used for in vitro and excisional wound model is used for in vivo studies. Extracted tissues from wound area were histologically examined. Wound healing process was monitored on 7, 14 and 21st days. When wound construction was evaluated, chitosan-based gel formulation containing vitexin demonstrated significant effect compared to control group. Histological examinations demonstrated that skin regeneration was promoted by vitexin formulation. Significant cell proliferation was observed with vitexin/chitosan dispersion in the wound healing assay performed with NIH 3T3 and HaCaT cells. In conclusion, our test substance chitosan-based gel formulation containing vitexin significantly accelerated wound healing both in vivo and in vitro.

Clarithromycin (CLR) is a member of the macrolide antibiotic group. CLR has low systemic oral bioavailability and is a drug of class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. In many studies, using nanoparticles (NPs) as a drug delivery system has been shown to increase the effectiveness and bioavailability of active drug substances. This study describes the development and evaluation of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) NPs and chitosan (CS)-coated PLGA NPs for oral delivery of CLR. NPs were obtained by nanoprecipitation technique and characterized in detail, and the effect of three molecular weights (M_w1: 7.000–17.000, M_w2: 38.000–54.000, M_w3: 50.000–190.000) of PLGA and CS coating on particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE%), and release properties etc. were elucidated. Gastrointestinal stability and cryoprotectant effect tests were performed on the NPs. The PS of the prepared NPs were in the range of 178 to 578 nm and they were affected by the M_w and CS coating. In surface-modified formulations with CS, the ZP of the NPs increased significantly to positive values. EE% varied from 62% to 85%, depending upon the M_w and CS coating. In vitro release studies of CLR-loaded NPs showed an extended release up to 144 h. Peppas–Sahlin and Weibull kinetic model was found to fit best for CLR release from NPs. By the broth microdilution test method, the antibacterial activity of the formulations was determined on Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 1911), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 700603). The structures of the formulations were clarified by thermal (DSC), FT-IR, and ¹H-NMR analysis. The results showed that PS, ZP, EE%, and dissolution rates of NPs were directly related to the M_w of PLGA and CS coating.

Objective: The effect of polymers used in nanoparticle (NP) production on the formulation properties is one of the few studied issues. Therefore, this study aims to formulate flurbiprofen (FLB) loaded NPs with different molecular weight (M_w) PLGA and investigate the effect of M_w on NP character. One of the most important objectives is to provide a high anti-inflammatory effect with a low dose and the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the selected optimal formulation is to be determined by in vivo Hen's Egg Test on Chorioallantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) analysis that a new, popular and in vivo animal experiment alternative method. Significance: To determine the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the optimum formulation by HET-CAM analysis. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on the in vivo anti-inflammatory evaluation of FLB loaded PLGA NP using the in vivo HET-CAM assay. Methods: Blank and FLB loaded PLGA NPs were prepared using a nanoprecipitation technique. The cell viability test for all formulation was performed with MTT in the NIH-3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cell line. The anti-inflammatory activity of optimum formulation (A₆) was examined using the in vivo HET-CAM assay. Results: The particle sizes (PS) of the FLB loaded PLGA NPs were between 175 and 198 nm. The encapsulation efficiency (EE%) was a range of 82-93%. In vitro release of NPs showed extended release up to 144 hours. The release kinetics were fitted to the Peppas-Sahlin and Weibull models. The results showed that PS, PDI, EE% and release rates of NPs were directly related to the M_w of PLGA. There is no statistically significant difference in cell viability study was observed between blank and FLB loaded PLGA NPs. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity results indicated that A₆ coded formulation was showed significantly good anti-inflammatory potential at low dose. Conclusions: It could be concluded that FLB loaded NPs seem to be a promising extended release drug delivery system for oral administration with a low dose and high efficiency.

Context: Pain has a very important effect on the biological, psychological, sociological and economic situation of a patient. Nanoparticles (NPs) are being extensively investigated as drug delivery systems worldwide for pharmaceutical applications. Aims: To design and compare the release characteristics of sustained-release formulations of ketoprofen lysine (KL) NPs. Methods: KL-Eudragit® S100 NPs were produced by double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The physicochemical characteristics of NPs were studied. Results: Particle size of NPs prepared was in the range of 99 and 141 nm. Encapsulation efficiency (%) was obtained (76%) for NP formulations prepared. Weibull models were determined to be the most appropriate kinetic models for NP containing KL. KL-loaded NPs demonstrated nanostructural character and NPs showed extended release of KL. Conclusions: NPs developed were found to be stable and representing a promising system for sustained delivery of KL.

Preparation and evaluation of carvedilol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery