Literature is scarce on malocclusion prevalence and orthodontic treatment need (OTN) in subjects with stage III–IV periodontitis. Study aims were to assess prevalence of primary and secondary malocclusions in subjects with stage III–IV periodontitis and OTN based on pathologic tooth migration (PTM) and occlusal trauma of anterior teeth (AT). One hundred and twenty-one subjects with stage III–IV periodontitis were examined. A comprehensive periodontal–orthodontic examination was performed. Exclusion criteria: age 30% of sites with clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm (P = 0.001). Spacing of maxillary AT was influenced by periodontitis, Class III malocclusion, and lost teeth. Tongue habit had impact on spacing of mandibular AT. Dental Health Component of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need yielded that OTN was found in >50% and OTN due PTM, occlusal trauma and impaired function in 66.1% of subjects. The most prevalent malocclusion was Class II. Spacing and extrusion were prevalent types of PTM of AT. OTN was found in more than half of the subjects. The study highlights the need for preventive measures for PTM in subjects with stage III–IV periodontitis.

The aim is to evaluate the literature for clinical scientific data on possible effects of orthodontic treatment on periodontal status in periodontitis‐susceptible subjects. A systematic literature review was performed on studies in English using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library central databases (1965‐2014). By manually searching reference lists of selected studies, we identified additional articles; then we searched these publications: Journal of Periodontology, Periodontology 2000, Journal of Clinical Periodontology, American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Angle Orthodontist, International Journal of Periodontics & Restorative Dentistry, and European Journal of Orthodontics. Search terms included randomized clinical trials, controlled clinical trials, prospective and retrospective clinical studies, case series >5 patients, periodontitis, orthodontics, alveolar bone loss, tooth migration, tooth movement, orthodontic extrusion, and orthodontic intrusion. Only studies on orthodontic treatment in periodontally compromised dentitions were included. One randomized controlled clinical trial, one controlled clinical trial, and 12 clinical studies were included. No evidence currently exists from controlled studies and randomized controlled clinical trials, which shows that orthodontic treatment improves or aggravates the status of periodontally compromised dentitions.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of surgical-orthodontic treatment and the initial vertical and mesiodistal position of palatally impacted maxillary canines on the periodontal health of impacted canines and adjacent teeth.Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 32 patients with unilateral palatally impacted maxillary canines. The initial position of the impacted canines was assessed on panoramic images. The treatment protocol of the impacted canines included surgical exposure with the closed-eruption technique and fixed orthodontic appliances.Results: A significant increase in pocket depth was found at the canine mesiopalatal point after surgical-orthodontic treatment. Also, a correlation was found between the initial mesiodistal and vertical position of the impacted canine and the posttreatment periodontal status of the impacted canine, the adjacent lateral incisor, and the first premolar.Conclusions: A combined surgical-orthodontic approach in the treatment of impacted maxillary canines produces clinically acceptable periodontal conditions. The average increase in pocket depth was less than 4 mm and clinically unimportant for most patients.

Summary: Background: No evidence is present on the risk for external apical root resorption (EARR) during orthodontic treatment (OT) of adult patients with periodontal disease. Aim: To examine EARR after OT in subjects with periodontal disease and to analyse how intrusion and change in inclination of the most proclined maxillary incisors influence EARR. Methods: The study included 50 patients with periodontal disease. Sub-gingival debridement by ultrasonic instrumentation supplemented with hand instruments was performed by experienced dental hygienist after baseline examination for all patients. For the control group, final periodontal treatment (PT) was performed before orthodontic tooth movement. For the test group patients, final PT was performed after levelling and alignment phases were finished, before the active space closure with elastic chain and/or inter-arch elastic traction for sagittal correction was started. OT was performed with a straight-wire appliance. Micro-implants or implants were used for posterior anchorage. Cone beam computed tomography examinations were performed before and after OT. EARR of all single-rooted teeth were measured. EARR of the most proclined maxillary incisor was related to intrusion and change in inclination angle. Results: EARR after OT was observed in median 80.7 per cent (interquartile range 22.02) of single-rooted teeth [mean 1.2 (standard deviation 0.44) mm]. In 82.3 per cent of teeth, EARR was 2 mm or less. Severe EARR was found in 8 per cent of patients and five maxillary incisors (less than 1 per cent of all teeth). The amount of intrusion and change in inclination angle of the most proclined maxillary central incisor influenced the extent of EARR. Mean EARR was significantly higher when OT lasted more than 18 months (P = 0.02). Conclusions: OT in conjunction with PT in periodontal patients resulted in EARR in 81 per cent of all single-rooted teeth. Intrusion and change in inclination angle of the most proclined maxillary central incisor influenced the extent of EARR, as did longer OT.

Background and Objectives: Orthodontic appliances may cause discomfort for patients. This could influence the person’s psychological well-being. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological health of patients wearing orthodontic appliances. It is important to analyze the well-being of patients during orthodontic treatment because it is started in a young age and it may affect one’s psychological health. Therefore, for doctors and patients, it is important to understand and take every aspect of the treatment into consideration when deciding when to start the treatment and what appliance to choose. Materials and Methods: A total of 339 patients filled out an anonymous questionnaire. They were divided into four groups according to their age and type of appliance. The main reasons to seek treatment were crooked teeth and a bad bite. There was a statistically significant difference between women and men as women sought treatment because of crooked teeth; meanwhile, men indicated bad bite as their main reason for seeking treatment. Results: A total of 48.7% of subjects noted that they were feeling good during treatment; however, 4% of all patients noted that they were feeling bad. A total of 45% of subjects stated that they felt unhappy at least sometimes. A total of 43% of subjects felt stress. Conclusions: Even though patients indicated various negative aspects on their well-being during treatment, for the majority of the subjects, the end results significantly increased their psychological well-being.