Plants of the Miscanthus genus (Miscanthus Anderss.) have a unique index of biomass production in relation to the occupied area. Miscanthus plants can be attributed to promising second-generation raw materials for the production of bioethanol and biofuel. Miscanthus plants are characterized by a high cellulose content. Herein, we report the results of a study on the obtained delignified cellulose with subsequent processing into bioethanol using microbial communities. In the course of the study, the optimal conditions for the delignification of the initial plant material for cellulose were selected. Ethanol with a high degree of conversion was successfully obtained from the isolated delignified cellulose. The article describes the pilot technological scheme for the conversion of Miscanthus plant biomass to bioethanol involving the delignification stages, followed by the conversion of the resulting cellulose into bioethanol by a consortium of microorganisms. As a result of the study, it was found that delignification using trifluoroacetic acid leads to the production of cellulose of high purity. Bioethanol with a yield of 3.1% to 3.4% in terms of the initial amount of biomass was successfully obtained by a microorganism consortium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae M Y-4242/Pachysolen tannophilus Y-3269, and Scheffersomyces stipitis Y-3264.

The aim of this article is to increase the nutritional value of soybean meal while reducing the content of antinutrients by microbial fermentation of soybean meal with a mixed culture of probiotic microorganisms (Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum) at two different hydromodules. The addition of microorganisms increased the content of easily digestible protein and amine nitrogen in fermented soybean meal (30:110 and 30:130, hydromodulus soybean meal:water) while decreasing urease activity (hydromodulus 30:110). The positive effect of microbial fermentation on the mineral composition of soybean meal was demonstrated. The ability of microorganisms in the fermentation process to increase the content of protein, essential amino acids, and macro- and microelements in soybean meal while decreasing anti-nutritional factors opens up possibilities for using this technology to advance animal husbandry.

The lignocellulosic perennial crop miscanthus, especially Miscanthus × giganteus, is particularly interesting for bioenergy production as it combines high biomass production with low environmental impact. However, there are several varieties that pose a hazard due to susceptibility to disease. This review contains links showing genotype and ecological variability of important characteristics related to yield and biomass composition of miscanthus that may be useful in plant breeding programs to increase bioenergy production. Some clones of Miscanthus × giganteus and Miscanthus sinensis are particularly interesting due to their high biomass production per hectare. Although the compositional requirements for industrial biomass have not been fully defined for the various bioenergy conversion processes, the lignin-rich species Miscanthus × giganteus and Miscanthus sacchariflorus seem to be more suitable for thermochemical conversion processes. At the same time, the species Miscanthus sinensis and some clones of Miscanthus × giganteus with low lignin content are of interest for the biochemical transformation process. The species Miscanthus sacchariflorus is suitable for various bioenergy conversion processes due to its low ash content, so this species is also interesting as a pioneer in breeding programs. Mature miscanthus crops harvested in winter are favored by industrial enterprises to improve efficiency and reduce processing costs. This study can be attributed to other monocotyledonous plants and perennial crops that can be used as feedstock for biofuels.

The prohibition of antibiotics has led to extensive research and use of phytogenic feed additives. James Barrie Kirkpatrick described four subspecies of eucalyptus (family Myrtaceae), including Eucalýptus globulus, in 1974. The maximum concentrations of quercetin-3D-glycoside (1703.30 g/mL), astragalin (1737.82 g/mL), chlorogenic acid (342.14 g/mL), catechin (282.54 g/mL), rosmarinic acid (36.39 g/mL), and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (27.55 g/mL) were found in samples of ultrasonic extraction with ethyl alcohol (extraction module 1:5, temperature of 32 °C, an ultrasonic exposure time of 25 min). Antimicrobial activity was observed in all studied samples after 12 h of incubation (against gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, as well as representatives of yeast fungi (Candida albicans)); a more pronounced antimicrobial effect (lysis zone) was observed after ultrasonic processing of extracts for 20 and 25 min. Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans had lysis areas of 10.0 mm (20 min extraction with ultrasonic treatment), 13.0 mm (20 min extraction without ultrasonic treatment), and 15.5 mm (25 min extraction with ultrasonic treatment), respectively. E. globulus was demonstrated to be a source of biologically active phenolic compounds with antibacterial and fungicidal activity. More research on the use of E. globulus in feed additives is required.