Most of the objects of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments require the measurements of a studied sample in a wide range of momentum transfer (Q-range). Larger Q-range means more reliable determination of a model of the investigated material as well as higher accuracy of its calculated structural parameters. The dynamic range of SANS instruments is normally determined by the size of the detector, which is limited mainly by technical reasons and by the wavelength range of available thermal neutrons in the neutron beam. Even in the case of the largest detector (1 m²) at one of the best beam lines—the D22 instrument at ILL—the dynamic range is about 50. Usually the problem of the Qrange is solved by a sequence of measurements with the detector at different positions. However, it leads to considerable increase in the data acquisition time. Moreover, the problem becomes critical when it is necessary to study processes in real time, especially irreversible processes.

Arrangement of chromatin in intact chicken erythrocyte nuclei was investigated by small angle neutron scattering. The scattering spectra have revealed that on the scales between 15 nm and 1.5 μm the ...

The changes of the SAS program have been made as an attempt to adapt it to a twodetector system for the YuMO spectrometer. It is shown that applying weight algorithm technique for the raw data averaging procedure allows one to avoid a "sewing" problem resulting from using different detectors in rather wide q-range. The operating scheme and the background details of the experiment are discussed as well.

The small-angle scattering curves of deterministic mass fractals are studied and analyzed in momentum space. In the fractal region, the curve I(q)qD is found to be log-periodic with good accuracy, and the period is equal to the scaling factor of the fractal. Here, D and I(q) are the fractal dimension and the scattering intensity, respectively. The number of periods of this curve coincides with the number of fractal iterations. We show that the log-periodicity of I(q)qD in the momentum space is related to the log-periodicity of the quantity g(r)r3$-${}D in the real space, where g(r) is the pair distribution function. The minima and maxima positions of the scattering intensity are estimated explicitly by relating them to the pair distance distribution in real space. It is shown that the minima and maxima are damped with increasing polydispersity of the fractal sets; however, they remain quite pronounced even at sufficiently large values of polydispersity. A generalized self-similar Vicsek fractal with controllable fractal dimension is introduced, and its scattering properties are studied to illustrate the above findings. In contrast with the usual methods, the present analysis allows us to obtain not only the fractal dimension and the edges of the fractal region, but also the fractal iteration number, the scaling factor, and the number of structural units from which the fractal is composed.