The COVID-19 pandemic is currently a worldwide threat and concern, not only because of COVID-19 itself but its sequelae. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a relation between COVID-19, Long COVID, and the prevalence of mental health disorders exist. A total of 203 people from Tabasco were included in this study, answering a survey integrated by three dominions: General and epidemiological data, the DASS-21 test (to determine the presence of signs or symptoms suggestive of depression, anxiety, and/or stress) and an exploratory questionnaire about Long COVID syndrome. A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was made via Microsoft Excel and Graphpad Prism software, evaluating differences through the Mann–Whitney U test and considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Of the 203 people surveyed, 96 (47.29%) had had COVID-19 and 107 (52.71%) had not; from the ones that had COVID-19, 29 (30.21%) presented mental health disorders and 88 (91.66%) presented at least one symptom or sign of Long COVID syndrome; meanwhile, 31 (32.29%) presented 10 or more symptoms or signs. From the comparison between the population with previous mental health disorders and COVID-19 and those without background disorders or COVID-19, the results were the following: 27.58% vs. 16.82% presented severe depression, 48.27% vs. 17.75% presented severe anxiety, and 27.58% vs. 20.56% presented severe stress. A high prevalence of mental health effects was observed in patients without COVID-19 and increased in the population with Long COVID syndrome and previous mental health disorders.

Introduction: The burden of disease measures the total impact of diseases on a population, considering incidence, prevalence, disability, and premature mortality. This study analyzes the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Tabasco, Mexico, from 2013 to 2021. Ischemic heart disease has a significant incidence of 21,203,479 cases worldwide, and nationally (inside Mexico) a total of 221,747 cases, with more than 9,137,791 deaths due to this pathology globally. Objective: To analyze the burden of ischemic heart disease in Tabasco, Mexico, during the 2013–2021 period. Methods: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study was conducted in Tabasco. The study population consisted of 2,402,598 people according to INEGI, with a sample of 927,000 adults (462,000 men and 465,000 women). Data were used from the General Directorate of Health Information, IHME, and the World Bank. Analyses were performed in Microsoft Excel, calculating measures of central tendency, dispersion, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Results: The DALYs in the adult population of Tabasco were: 2013—23,932; 2014—28,132; 2015—30,197; 2016—30,683; 2017—31,839; 2018—38,599; 2019—40,046; 2020—42,307; and 2021—55,723, totaling 297,576 DALYs from 2013 to 2021. Discussion: Ischemic heart disease increased in incidence and mortality in both men and women during the years analyzed. The increase in DALYs indicates a greater impact of ischemic heart disease in Tabasco compared to countries like Costa Rica. Conclusion: The burden of ischemic heart disease from 2013 to 2021 represents a significant loss of quality and years of life in the population of Tabasco, Mexico.

Introduction: The burden of disease measures the total impact of diseases on a population, considering incidence, prevalence, disability, and premature mortality. This study analyzes the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in Tabasco, Mexico, from 2013 to 2021. Ischemic heart disease has a significant incidence of 21,203,479.22 cases worldwide, and nationally (inside Mexico) with a total of 221,747.28 cases, with more than 9,137,791 deaths due to this pathology globally. Objective: To analyze the burden of ischemic heart disease in Tabasco, Mexico, during 2013-2021. Methods: An observational, descriptive, longitudinal, and retrospective study was conducted in Tabasco (2013-2021). The study population consisted of 2,402,598 people according to INEGI, with a sample of 927,000 adults (462,000 men and 465,000 women). Data were used from the General Directorate of Health Information, IHME, and the World Bank. Analyses were performed in Microsoft Excel, calculating measures of central tendency, dispersion, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). Results: The DALYs in the adult population of Tabasco were: 2013: 23,932; 2014: 28,132; 2015: 30,197; 2016: 30,683; 2017: 31,839; 2018: 38,599; 2019: 40,046; 2020: 42,307; and 2021: 55,723, totaling 297,576 DALYs from 2013 to 2021. Discussion: Ischemic heart disease increased in incidence and mortality in both men and women during the last years analyzed. The increase in DALYs indicates a greater impact of ischemic heart disease in Tabasco compared to countries like Costa Rica. Conclusion: The burden of disease due to ischemic heart disease from 2013 to 2021 represents a significant loss of quality and years of life in the in the population of Tabasco, Mexico.

Background: The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Tabasco from 2013 to 2023 has led to a significant loss in quality of life and life years. This study aims to analyze the impact of T2DM on the population of Tabasco, Mexico, during this period. Methods: A descriptive, observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study was conducted in Tabasco, following Feinstein’s guidelines. The study included 2,402,598 individuals, covering the adult study population of Tabasco (n = 927,047) based on National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) data. Data were gathered from the General Directorate of Health Information and the Ministry of Health and analyzed using Microsoft Excel, applying central tendency and dispersion measures, and calculating Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) with validated formulas. Results: DALYs in Tabasco’s adult population from 2013 to 2023 were 23,049 in 2013, 24,576 in 2014, 25,193 in 2015, 34,361 in 2016, 29,771 in 2017, 29,309 in 2018, 29,959 in 2019, 28,087 in 2020, 26,451 in 2021, 23,502 in 2022, and 30,523 in 2023, totaling 304,781 DALYs for the period. Conclusions: T2DM has shown an increase in incidence and mortality, especially in recent years, leading to a significant rise in DALYs. This reflects a higher disease burden in Tabasco compared to other regions in Mexico and the Americas, resulting in a considerable loss of quality of life and life years.

Background: Caudal Regression Syndrome is an infrequent congenital malformation of the vertebral spine’s lower segments characterized by a truncated medullar cone and aplasia or hypoplasia of the sacrum. Specifically, sacral agenesis represents an incidence of 0.01 to 0.05 of every newborn. Among the main risk factors are elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, hormonal imbalance, and lipid protein metabolic disorder. A correlation has been established between anomalous pregnancies and congenital malformations in newborns, with a prevalence of 5 to 10% in children of diabetic mothers, with an incidence of 1 per 350 cases, representing a 200% rise over the general population. Objective: To report an extremely uncommon epidemiologically rare case of Caudal Regression Syndrome, characterized by caudal musculoskeletal involvement. Clinical case: a 27-year-old female in her 34th week of gestation during her second pregnancy presented to the high specialty, high-risk pregnancy consultation with a background of glycemia of 205mg/dl, glycosylated hemoglobin percentage (%HbA1c) of 10.1%, and estimated average glucose levels of 243mg/dl. The patient arrived at the emergency room during active labor with premature membrane rupture, both deciding factors for pregnancy termination. The outcome was a sole female live product with a vertebral spine interrupted approximately by T10, non-palpable iliac crests, sacrum, and coccyx, and shortening of hypotrophied inferior extremities. Conclusion: successful prevention in the early diagnosis of malformations during pregnancy requires strict prenatal control for any pregnant woman with metabolic risk factors. The first prenatal consultation presents an opportunity to perform diabetic screening. If diagnosed, follow-up procedures such as ultrasounds at a second level of medical care should be performed for the timely detection of congenital malformations associated with high levels of glycemia.