The target of the multi-hop knowledge base question-answering task is to find answers of some factoid questions by reasoning across multiple knowledge triples in the knowledge base. Most of the existing methods for multi-hop knowledge base question answering based on a general knowledge graph ignore the semantic relationship between each hop. However, modeling the knowledge base as a directed hypergraph has the problems of sparse incidence matrices and asymmetric Laplacian matrices. To make up for the deficiency, we propose a directed hypergraph convolutional network modeled on hyperbolic space, which can better deal with the sparse structure, and effectively adapt to the problem of an asymmetric incidence matrix of directed hypergraphs modeled on a knowledge base. We propose an interpretable KBQA model based on the hyperbolic directed hypergraph convolutional neural network named HDH-GCN which can update relation semantic information hop-by-hop and pays attention to different relations at different hops. The model can improve the accuracy of the multi-hop knowledge base question-answering task, and has application value in text question answering, human–computer interactions and other fields. Extensive experiments on benchmarks—PQL, MetaQA—demonstrate the effectiveness and universality of our HDH-GCN model, leading to state-of-the-art performance.

Hypergraphs, as a special type of graph, can be leveraged to better model relationships among multiple entities. In this article, we focus on the task of hyperlink prediction in directed hypergraphs, which finds a wide spectrum of applications in knowledge graphs, chem-informatics, bio-informatics, etc. Existing methods handling the task overlook the order constraints of the hyperlink’s direction and fail to exploit features of all entities covered by a hyperlink. To make up for the deficiency, we present a performant pipelined model, i.e., a two-stage framework for directed hyperlink prediction method (TF-DHP), which equally considers the entity’s contribution to the form of hyperlinks, and emphasizes not only the fixed order between two parts but also the randomness inside each part. The TF-DHP incorporates two tailored modules: a Tucker decomposition-based module for hyperlink prediction, and a BiLSTM-based module for direction inference. Extensive experiments on benchmarks—WikiPeople, JF17K, and ReVerb15K—demonstrate the effectiveness and universality of our TF-DHP model, leading to state-of-the-art performance.