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W. Islam
Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China

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Review
Published: 03 August 2021 in Microbial Pathogenesis
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Global food security is threatened by insect pests of economically important crops. Chemical pesticides have been used frequently for the last few decades to manage insect pests throughout the world. However, these chemicals are hazardous for human health as well as the ecosystem. In addition, several pests have evolved resistance to many chemicals. Finding environment friendly alternatives lead the researchers to introduce biocontrol agents such as entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). These fungi include various genera that can infect and kill insects efficiently. Moreover, EPFs have considerable host specificity with a mild effect on non-target organisms and can be produced in bulk quantity quickly. However, insights into the biology of EPF and mechanism of action are of prime significance for their efficient utilization as a biocontrol agent. This review focuses on EPF-mediated insect management by explaining particular EPF strains and their general mode of action. We have comprehensively discussed which criteria should be used for the selection of pertinent EPF, and which aspects can impact the EPF efficiency. Finally, we have outlined various advantages of EPF and their limitations. The article summarizes the prospects related to EPF utilization as biocontrol agents. We hope that future strategies for the management of insects will be safer for our planet.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Muhammad Adnan; Asad Shabbir; Hassan Naveed; Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar; Muhammad Qasim; Muhammad Tayyab; Ali Noman; Muhammad Shahid Nisar; Khalid Ali Khan; Habib Ali. Insect-fungal-interactions: A detailed review on entomopathogenic fungi pathogenicity to combat insect pests. Microbial Pathogenesis 2021, 159, 105122 .

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Muhammad Adnan, Asad Shabbir, Hassan Naveed, Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Tayyab, Ali Noman, Muhammad Shahid Nisar, Khalid Ali Khan, Habib Ali. Insect-fungal-interactions: A detailed review on entomopathogenic fungi pathogenicity to combat insect pests. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2021; 159 ():105122.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Muhammad Adnan; Asad Shabbir; Hassan Naveed; Yakubu Saddeeq Abubakar; Muhammad Qasim; Muhammad Tayyab; Ali Noman; Muhammad Shahid Nisar; Khalid Ali Khan; Habib Ali. 2021. "Insect-fungal-interactions: A detailed review on entomopathogenic fungi pathogenicity to combat insect pests." Microbial Pathogenesis 159, no. : 105122.

Research article
Published: 26 April 2021 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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Sugarcane monoculture (SM) often leads to soil problems, like soil acidification, degradation, and soil-borne diseases, which ultimately pose a negative impact on agricultural productivity and sustainability. Understanding the change in microbial communities’ composition, activities, and functional microbial taxa associated with the plant and soil under SM is unclear. Using multidisciplinary approaches such as Illumina sequencing, measurements of soil properties, and enzyme activities, we analyzed soil samples from three sugarcane fields with different monoculture histories (1-, 2-, and 4-year cultivation times, respectively). We observed that SM induced soil acidity and had adverse effects on soil fertility, i.e., soil organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), and available potassium (AK), as well as enzyme activities indicative for carbon, phosphorus, and nitrogen cycles. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that SM time greatly affected soil attribute patterns. We observed strong correlation among soil enzymes activities and soil physiochemical properties (soil pH, OM, and TC). Alpha diversity analysis showed a varying response of the microbes to SM time. Bacterial diversity increased with increasing oligotrophs (e.g., Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi), while fungal diversity decreased with reducing copiotrophs (e.g., Ascomycota). β-Diversity analysis showed that SM time had a great influence on soil microbial structure and soil properties, which led to the changes in major components of microbial structure (soil pH, OM, TC, bacteria and soil pH; TC, fungi). Additionally, SM time significantly stimulated (four bacterial and ten fungal) and depleted (12 bacterial and three fungal) agriculturally and ecologically important microbial genera that were strongly and considerably correlated with soil characteristics (soil pH, OM, TC, and AK). In conclusion, SM induces soil acidity, reduces soil fertility, shifts microbial structure, and reduces its activity. Furthermore, most beneficial bacterial genera decreased significantly due to SM, while beneficial fungal genera showed a reverse trend. Therefore, mitigating soil acidity, improving soil fertility, and soil enzymatic activities, including improved microbial structure with beneficial service to plants and soil, can be an effective measure to develop a sustainable sugarcane cropping system.

ACS Style

Muhammad Tayyab; Ziqi Yang; Caifang Zhang; Waqar Islam; Wenxiong Lin; Hua Zhang. Sugarcane monoculture drives microbial community composition, activity and abundance of agricultural-related microorganisms. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2021, 1 -17.

AMA Style

Muhammad Tayyab, Ziqi Yang, Caifang Zhang, Waqar Islam, Wenxiong Lin, Hua Zhang. Sugarcane monoculture drives microbial community composition, activity and abundance of agricultural-related microorganisms. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2021; ():1-17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Tayyab; Ziqi Yang; Caifang Zhang; Waqar Islam; Wenxiong Lin; Hua Zhang. 2021. "Sugarcane monoculture drives microbial community composition, activity and abundance of agricultural-related microorganisms." Environmental Science and Pollution Research , no. : 1-17.

Mini review
Published: 16 November 2020 in International Journal of Tropical Insect Science
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Worldwide, stored products are attacked by a large number of pests resulting in significant economic losses. Among these stored grain pests, khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) is one of the top ranked pests that has ability to survive under diverse climate conditions. The management of this pest is mainly done by using synthetic chemicals which have side effects on consumers, ecosystem and non-target organisms. However, phyto-derivatives were found to be the effective environment friendly alternatives against T. granarium. Therefore, in this review, success of phyto-derivatives against khapra beetle from conventional means to modern research has been critically analyzed, summarized and discussed. In context, the different life stages of the insect starting from egg laying to adult development have been briefly explained. The review focuses upon recent research conducted on the evaluation of dozens of phyto-derivatives. In addition, the article has also highlighted some limitations of plant derived compounds and concludes via hoping that the future formulated pesticides will be safer, economical, least toxic to human and our planet ecosystem.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Komivi Senyo Akutse; Muhammad Qasim; Habib Ali; Ijaz Haider; Mohamed Hashem; Saad Alamri; Omar Mahmoud al Zoubi; Khalid Ali Khan. Phyto-derivatives: an efficient eco-friendly way to manage Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 2020, 41, 915 -926.

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Ali Noman, Komivi Senyo Akutse, Muhammad Qasim, Habib Ali, Ijaz Haider, Mohamed Hashem, Saad Alamri, Omar Mahmoud al Zoubi, Khalid Ali Khan. Phyto-derivatives: an efficient eco-friendly way to manage Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae). International Journal of Tropical Insect Science. 2020; 41 (2):915-926.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Komivi Senyo Akutse; Muhammad Qasim; Habib Ali; Ijaz Haider; Mohamed Hashem; Saad Alamri; Omar Mahmoud al Zoubi; Khalid Ali Khan. 2020. "Phyto-derivatives: an efficient eco-friendly way to manage Trogoderma granarium (Everts) (Coleoptera: Dermestidae)." International Journal of Tropical Insect Science 41, no. 2: 915-926.

Review article
Published: 23 August 2020 in Environmental Science and Pollution Research
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The soil microbiome comprises one of the most important and complex components of all terrestrial ecosystems as it harbors millions of microbes including bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses, and protozoa. Together, these microbes and environmental factors contribute to shaping the soil microbiome, both spatially and temporally. Recent advances in genomic and metagenomic analyses have enabled a more comprehensive elucidation of the soil microbiome. However, most studies have described major modulators such as fungi and bacteria while overlooking other soil microbes. This review encompasses all known microbes that may exist in a particular soil microbiome by describing their occurrence, abundance, diversity, distribution, communication, and functions. Finally, we examined the role of several abiotic factors involved in the shaping of the soil microbiome.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Hassan Naveed; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y. H. Chen. Role of environmental factors in shaping the soil microbiome. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2020, 27, 41225 -41247.

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Ali Noman, Hassan Naveed, Zhiqun Huang, Han Y. H. Chen. Role of environmental factors in shaping the soil microbiome. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2020; 27 (33):41225-41247.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Hassan Naveed; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y. H. Chen. 2020. "Role of environmental factors in shaping the soil microbiome." Environmental Science and Pollution Research 27, no. 33: 41225-41247.

Journal article
Published: 03 August 2020 in February 2022
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This is the first ethno-botanical study about the indigenous plants of district Faisalabad, Punjab-Pakistan. Main theme behind this study documents the existing ethno-medicinal data about local traditional herbal treatments. Overall, 300 local informants were interviewed from 22different locations of the district and collected data was analyzed by using different quantitative ethnobotanical tools. The 61 plants of 53 genera and 29 families be there found in use for 15 disease caused by microorganisms and contagious ones also. With reference to highest Use Value (UV), Ficus carica (0.83), Albizzia lebbeck (0.73) and Psidium guajava (0.71) were found the most used medicinal plant species in area. The 100% Fidelity Level (FL) was calculated for Acacia nilotica being used against gastro, respiratory, diabetics and hypertension. The highest Relative Frequency Citation (RFC) value was calculated for Citrus aurantifolia. The maximum Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) index was calculated for gastro and respiratory problems, fever, headache, and skin infection. The comparative study by calculating Jaccard Index (JI) with reported literature was shown that 8.18%resemblance and 12.81% distinction to earlier studies; however 79.01% medicinal uses of the reported species were documented the first time. The plants reported with high RPL index can be further analyzed for biochemical pharmaceutical and biotechnological screening.

ACS Style

M. A. Akram; N. Iqbal; M. Aqeel; Noreen Khalid; S. Alamri; M. Hashem; Muhammad Abrar; A. Manan; Waqar Islam; A. Noman. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINAL PHYTO-DIVERSITY OF THE SEMI-ARID AREA IN PUNJAB PROVINCE, PAKISTAN. February 2022 2020, 30 .

AMA Style

M. A. Akram, N. Iqbal, M. Aqeel, Noreen Khalid, S. Alamri, M. Hashem, Muhammad Abrar, A. Manan, Waqar Islam, A. Noman. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINAL PHYTO-DIVERSITY OF THE SEMI-ARID AREA IN PUNJAB PROVINCE, PAKISTAN. February 2022. 2020; 30 (6):.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M. A. Akram; N. Iqbal; M. Aqeel; Noreen Khalid; S. Alamri; M. Hashem; Muhammad Abrar; A. Manan; Waqar Islam; A. Noman. 2020. "EXPLORATION OF MEDICINAL PHYTO-DIVERSITY OF THE SEMI-ARID AREA IN PUNJAB PROVINCE, PAKISTAN." February 2022 30, no. 6: .

Journal article
Published: 26 June 2020 in Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology
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Plant diseases and insect pests are one of the major limiting factors that reduce crop production worldwide. Silicon (Si) is one of the most abundant elements in the lithosphere and has a positive impact on plant health by effectively mitigating biotic and abiotic stresses. It also enhances plant resistance against insect pests and fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases. Therefore, this review critically converges its focus upon Si-mediated physical, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms in plant defense against pathogens and insect pests. It further explains Si-modulated interactive phytohormone signaling and enzymatic production and their involvement in inducing resistance against biotic stresses. Furthermore, this review highlights the recent research accomplishments which have successfully revealed the active role of Si in protecting plants against insect herbivory and various viral, bacterial, and fungal diseases. The article explores the potential in enhancing Si-mediated plant resistance against various economically important diseases and insect pests, further shedding light upon future issues regarding the role of Si in defense against pathogens and insect pests.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Muhammad Tayyab; Farghama Khalil; Zhang Hua; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y.H. Chen. Silicon-mediated plant defense against pathogens and insect pests. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 2020, 168, 104641 .

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Muhammad Tayyab, Farghama Khalil, Zhang Hua, Zhiqun Huang, Han Y.H. Chen. Silicon-mediated plant defense against pathogens and insect pests. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology. 2020; 168 ():104641.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Muhammad Tayyab; Farghama Khalil; Zhang Hua; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y.H. Chen. 2020. "Silicon-mediated plant defense against pathogens and insect pests." Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 168, no. : 104641.

Journal article
Published: 26 May 2020 in Meta Gene
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The study was carried out in eight provinces of China, with 16 different localities. A total of 150 adult damselflies were collected for the study from the area. Mitochondrial (COI) was the target gene to sequence from all 51 representative samples of the entire collection. From the resulted sequences, ten species belonging to seven genera and four families were identified. The families are Calopterygidae, Coenagrinidae, Chlorocyphidae and Devadattiade. After alignment through BioEdit v6, MEGA7 was used for phylogenetic tree construction as well as the calculation of genetic divergence, whereas genetic diversity was calculated by DnaSP v5. All species from the respective families had clustered together within the groups, but divided into sub-groups. Maximum genetic divergence (9.31%) was found in the genus Rhinocypha, followed by Hetaerina with (8.23%), while, minimum divergence was observed for the genus Ceriagrion (0.32%) followed by Ischnura (0.48%). However, significant genetic diversity was found for all sequences at 346 mutations confirmed by two tests, Tajima's D and Fu's Fs. Maximum genetic diversity among genera was also observed, the genus Hetaerina has maximum genetic diversity (181 mutations) followed by Rhinocypha (68 mutations) while minimum genetic diversity was observed for the genus Ceriagrion followed by Ischnura. The presented results showed a higher diversity of damselflies in the south China regions.

ACS Style

Saif Ul Islam; Muhammad Arif; Wenzhong Lin; Waqar Islam; Muhammad Qasim; Hussain Ali; Habib Ali; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh; Zhenguo Du; Zujian Wu. Molecular identification of seven new Zygopteran genera from South China through partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Meta Gene 2020, 25, 100739 .

AMA Style

Saif Ul Islam, Muhammad Arif, Wenzhong Lin, Waqar Islam, Muhammad Qasim, Hussain Ali, Habib Ali, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A. Ghramh, Zhenguo Du, Zujian Wu. Molecular identification of seven new Zygopteran genera from South China through partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. Meta Gene. 2020; 25 ():100739.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saif Ul Islam; Muhammad Arif; Wenzhong Lin; Waqar Islam; Muhammad Qasim; Hussain Ali; Habib Ali; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh; Zhenguo Du; Zujian Wu. 2020. "Molecular identification of seven new Zygopteran genera from South China through partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene." Meta Gene 25, no. : 100739.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2020 in Applied Ecology and Environmental Research
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ACS Style

M.H.U. Rashid; Taimoor Hassan Farooq; W. Iqbal; M. Asif; Waqar Islam; D.C. Lin; I. Ahmad; P.F. Wu. ROLE OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID ON GROWTH AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF ATHEL TREE (TAMARIX APHYLLA) BY USING DIFFERENT CUTTING LENGTHS. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 2020, 18, 3805 -3816.

AMA Style

M.H.U. Rashid, Taimoor Hassan Farooq, W. Iqbal, M. Asif, Waqar Islam, D.C. Lin, I. Ahmad, P.F. Wu. ROLE OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID ON GROWTH AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF ATHEL TREE (TAMARIX APHYLLA) BY USING DIFFERENT CUTTING LENGTHS. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research. 2020; 18 (3):3805-3816.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.H.U. Rashid; Taimoor Hassan Farooq; W. Iqbal; M. Asif; Waqar Islam; D.C. Lin; I. Ahmad; P.F. Wu. 2020. "ROLE OF INDOLE ACETIC ACID ON GROWTH AND BIOMASS PRODUCTION OF ATHEL TREE (TAMARIX APHYLLA) BY USING DIFFERENT CUTTING LENGTHS." Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 18, no. 3: 3805-3816.

Review
Published: 26 December 2019 in Journal of Threatened Taxa
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The tribe Agalliini is reviewed from Pakistan with additional description and illustration of a new record Anaceratagallia pararobusta (Pruthi) 1936. An updated checklist and keys are given to distinguish all the genera and species of the tribe Agalliini from Pakistan.

ACS Style

Hassan Naveed; Kamran Sohail; Waqar Islam; Zhang Yalin. A review of the leafhopper tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with a revised key to the known Pakistani genera and species. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2019, 11, 15053 -15060.

AMA Style

Hassan Naveed, Kamran Sohail, Waqar Islam, Zhang Yalin. A review of the leafhopper tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with a revised key to the known Pakistani genera and species. Journal of Threatened Taxa. 2019; 11 (15):15053-15060.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan Naveed; Kamran Sohail; Waqar Islam; Zhang Yalin. 2019. "A review of the leafhopper tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with a revised key to the known Pakistani genera and species." Journal of Threatened Taxa 11, no. 15: 15053-15060.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology
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The lepidopteran insect pests have significant importance in vegetable production. The present study was performed to investigate the baseline studies about the assessment of feeding and consumption potential, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) on Okra. The data regarding feeding potential, food utilization and consumption indices as well as losses of different larval instars were recorded and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. The results showed that, in the beginning, the approximate digestibility of various instars was increase, e.g. third instar (51.36%–64.03%), fourth instar (63.42%–69.45%) and fifth instar (70.25%–76.10%). However, after a certain period, the digestibility was decreased and efficiency to convert the ingested food into biomass varied significantly. The consumption index values increased with an increase in time but the consumption and growth rate was declined of fourth instar larvae. The ingestion and digestion increased of third (10.01–13.06, 8.32–11.91 mg), fourth (11.27–17.28, 10.96–14.03 mg) and fifth (12.60–19.40, 11.93–15.28 mg) larval instars. The corrected weight of consumed leaves increased with a gain in body weight. However, in the third instar, a decline was observed on the last day of feeding. Maximum leaf area was consumed by fifth instar larvae (44.66 cm2) followed by fourth (35.41 cm2) and third (27.98 cm2) instars. In conclusion, all the dependent parameters, including food utilization potential, consumption indices and losses were higher for fifth instar larvae than others. These results emphasized the re-establishment of fundamental (economic threshold level: ETL, economic injury level: EIL) integrated pest management concepts.

ACS Style

Ahmad Nawaz; Habib Ali; Muhammad Sufyan; Muhammad Dildar Gogi; Muhammad Jalal Arif; Abid Ali; Muhammad Qasim; Waqar Islam; Noman Ali; Imran Bodla; Madiha Zaynab; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh. In-vitro assessment of food consumption, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.), on okra crop. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 2019, 23, 60 -66.

AMA Style

Ahmad Nawaz, Habib Ali, Muhammad Sufyan, Muhammad Dildar Gogi, Muhammad Jalal Arif, Abid Ali, Muhammad Qasim, Waqar Islam, Noman Ali, Imran Bodla, Madiha Zaynab, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A. Ghramh. In-vitro assessment of food consumption, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.), on okra crop. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology. 2019; 23 (1):60-66.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ahmad Nawaz; Habib Ali; Muhammad Sufyan; Muhammad Dildar Gogi; Muhammad Jalal Arif; Abid Ali; Muhammad Qasim; Waqar Islam; Noman Ali; Imran Bodla; Madiha Zaynab; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh. 2019. "In-vitro assessment of food consumption, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.), on okra crop." Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology 23, no. 1: 60-66.

Review article
Published: 28 October 2019 in Science of The Total Environment
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Insects play an important role in the spread of viruses from infected plants to healthy hosts through a variety of transmission strategies. Environmental factors continuously influence virus transmission and result in the establishment of infection or disease. Plant virus diseases become epidemic when viruses successfully dominate the surrounding ecosystem. Plant-insect vector-virus interactions influence each other; pushing each other for their benefit and survival. These interactions are modulated through environmental factors, though environmental influences are not readily predictable. This review focuses on exploiting the diverse relationships, embedded in the plant-insect vector-virus triangle by highlighting recent research findings. We examined the interactions between viruses, insect vectors, and host plants, and explored how these interactions affect their behavior.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Hassan Naveed; Saad A. Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y.H. Chen. Plant-insect vector-virus interactions under environmental change. Science of The Total Environment 2019, 701, 135044 .

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Ali Noman, Hassan Naveed, Saad A. Alamri, Mohamed Hashem, Zhiqun Huang, Han Y.H. Chen. Plant-insect vector-virus interactions under environmental change. Science of The Total Environment. 2019; 701 ():135044.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Ali Noman; Hassan Naveed; Saad A. Alamri; Mohamed Hashem; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y.H. Chen. 2019. "Plant-insect vector-virus interactions under environmental change." Science of The Total Environment 701, no. : 135044.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2019 in Diversity
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Straw retention, an alternative to artificial fertilization, commonly mitigates soil degradation and positively affects soil fertility. In this study, we investigated the succession of soil bacteria during two sugarcane straw retention treatments (control (CK) and sugarcane straw retention (SR)) and at four depths (0–10, 10–20, 20–30, and 30–40 cm) in fallow soil in a sugarcane cropping system. Using an Illumina MiSeq (16S rRNA) and soil enzyme activity, we explored the SR influence on soil bacterial communities and enzyme activities and its inclusive impact on soil fertility, with an emphasis on topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil (10–40 cm). Our results show that SR effectively improved soil fertility indicators (C, N, and P), including enzyme activities (C and N cycling), throughout the soil profile: these soil parameters greatly improved in the topsoil compared to the control. Sugarcane straw retention and soil depth (0–10 cm vs. 10–40 cm) were associated with little variation in bacterial species richness and alpha diversity throughout the soil profile. Subsoil and topsoil bacterial communities differed in composition. Compared to the CK treatment, SR enriched the topsoil with Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Nitrospirae, while the subsoil was depleted in Nitrospirae and Acidobacteria. Similarly, SR enriched the subsoil with Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, and Bacteroidetes, while the topsoil was depleted in Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, and Planctomycetes compared to the CK. At the genus level, SR enriched the topsoil with Gp1, Gp2, Gp5, Gp7, Gemmatimonas, Kofleria, Sphingomonas, and Gaiella, which decompose lignocellulose and contribute to nutrient cycling. In summary, SR not only improved soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities but also enriched bacterial taxa involved in lignocellulosic decomposition and nutrient cycling (C and N) throughout the soil profile. However, these effects were stronger in topsoil than in subsoil, suggesting that SR enhanced fertility more in topsoil than in subsoil in fallow land.

ACS Style

Caifang Zhang; Muhammad Tayyab; Ahmad Yusuf Abubakar; Ziqi Yang; Ziqin Pang; Waqar Islam; Zhaoli Lin; Shiyan Li; Jun Luo; Xiaoliang Fan; Nyumah Fallah. Bacteria with Different Assemblages in the Soil Profile Drive the Diverse Nutrient Cycles in the Sugarcane Straw Retention Ecosystem. Diversity 2019, 11, 194 .

AMA Style

Caifang Zhang, Muhammad Tayyab, Ahmad Yusuf Abubakar, Ziqi Yang, Ziqin Pang, Waqar Islam, Zhaoli Lin, Shiyan Li, Jun Luo, Xiaoliang Fan, Nyumah Fallah. Bacteria with Different Assemblages in the Soil Profile Drive the Diverse Nutrient Cycles in the Sugarcane Straw Retention Ecosystem. Diversity. 2019; 11 (10):194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caifang Zhang; Muhammad Tayyab; Ahmad Yusuf Abubakar; Ziqi Yang; Ziqin Pang; Waqar Islam; Zhaoli Lin; Shiyan Li; Jun Luo; Xiaoliang Fan; Nyumah Fallah. 2019. "Bacteria with Different Assemblages in the Soil Profile Drive the Diverse Nutrient Cycles in the Sugarcane Straw Retention Ecosystem." Diversity 11, no. 10: 194.

Journal article
Published: 25 July 2019 in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Nitrogen (N) is one of the indispensable factors in rice growth and development. China holds a premier position in the production of rice and at the same time also faces higher N fertilizer costs along with serious damage to the environment. A better solution is much needed to address these issues, without disrupting the production of rice as an important cereal, while minimizing all the deleterious effects on the environment. Two isogenic lines Kitaake (WT) and its genetically modified line CIPK2 (RC), overexpressing the gene for Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 2 (OsCIPK2) with better nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), were compared for their growth and development under low versus normal levels of N. NUE is a complex trait mainly related to a plant's efficiency in extraction, assimilation, and recycling of N from soil. The microbial population was analyzed using high-throughput Illumina Miseq 16S rRNA sequencing and found that RC with CIPK2, specifically expressed in rice root, not only performed better without nitrogen fertilizer (LN) but also increased the diversity of bacterial communities in rice rhizosphere compartments (rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and endosphere). The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria phyla increased, which are known to promote the circulation and transformation of N in rhizosphere soil. To further explore the potential of RC regarding better performance under LN, the ion fluxes in root apical were detected by non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT). We found that RC can absorb more Ca2+ and NO3- under LN as compared to WT. Finally, compared to WT, RC plants exhibited better growth of root and shoot, and increased yield and N uptake under LN, whereas there was no significant difference in the growth of two rice lines under normal nitrogen (NN) treatment. We are able to get preliminary results, dealing with the OsCIPK2 overexpressed rice line, by studying the rice molecular, physiological, and chemical parameters related to NUE. The results laid the foundation for further research on N absorption and utilization in rice from the soil and the interaction with microbial communities.

ACS Style

Muhammad Umar Khan; Penghui Li; Hira Amjad; Ali Qaiser Khan; Yasir Arafat; Muhammad Waqas; Zhong Li; Ali Noman; Waqar Islam; Linkun Wu; Zhixing Zhang; Wenxiong Lin. Exploring the Potential of Overexpressed OsCIPK2 Rice as a Nitrogen Utilization Efficient Crop and Analysis of Its Associated Rhizo-Compartmental Microbial Communities. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2019, 20, 3636 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Umar Khan, Penghui Li, Hira Amjad, Ali Qaiser Khan, Yasir Arafat, Muhammad Waqas, Zhong Li, Ali Noman, Waqar Islam, Linkun Wu, Zhixing Zhang, Wenxiong Lin. Exploring the Potential of Overexpressed OsCIPK2 Rice as a Nitrogen Utilization Efficient Crop and Analysis of Its Associated Rhizo-Compartmental Microbial Communities. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019; 20 (15):3636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Umar Khan; Penghui Li; Hira Amjad; Ali Qaiser Khan; Yasir Arafat; Muhammad Waqas; Zhong Li; Ali Noman; Waqar Islam; Linkun Wu; Zhixing Zhang; Wenxiong Lin. 2019. "Exploring the Potential of Overexpressed OsCIPK2 Rice as a Nitrogen Utilization Efficient Crop and Analysis of Its Associated Rhizo-Compartmental Microbial Communities." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 15: 3636.

Chapter
Published: 05 July 2019 in Plant Metallomics and Functional Omics
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Plants have the ability to survive under excess and hampered nutrient supply. Heavy metal (HM) stress considerably reduces the growth of plants and ultimately proves to be the most limiting factor toward sustainable crop production. Essential and non-essential metals both fall in this category. MicroRNA (miRNA) participates in mediating posttranscriptional regulation through the mechanism of cleaving transcripts or through translational inhibition. So, it is obvious that the study of these miRNAs can be used as a tool to improve tolerance of plants against different environmental stresses. With the help of next-generation sequencing, the structures and functions of these miRNAs have been studied in detail with their different functions and roles in several plants facing stressed conditions. These miRNAs are modulators of plant responses in case of heavy metal stress. Data related to metal-responsive miRNAs of plants grown under metal stress showed that miRNAs activate some genes or transcription factors that ameliorate the toxic effects of metals and thus acts in detoxification. Working as systematic signals, these are also found to be involved in some physiological mechanisms that stimulate plants to show responses under imposed metal stresses. On the other hand, using above-mentioned approaches, miRNAs proved a very helpful, programmatic, and reasonable technique. Earlier, the use of miRNA technique was practiced to engineer tolerance in plants against heavy metal stress. Thus, we need to augment our knowledge about multifarious functions of miRNAs in HM stresses. This chapter throws light on the importance of miRNAs in the enhancement of HM stress tolerance and their functions in amelioration of HM-caused toxicity. This chapter also deals with the functions of miRNAs with respect to different metals and functions of different metal-responsive miRNAs.

ACS Style

Ali Noman; Tayyaba Sanaullah; Noreen Khalid; Waqar Islam; Shahbaz Khan; Muhammad Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Aqeel. Crosstalk Between Plant miRNA and Heavy Metal Toxicity. Plant Metallomics and Functional Omics 2019, 145 -168.

AMA Style

Ali Noman, Tayyaba Sanaullah, Noreen Khalid, Waqar Islam, Shahbaz Khan, Muhammad Kashif Irshad, Muhammad Aqeel. Crosstalk Between Plant miRNA and Heavy Metal Toxicity. Plant Metallomics and Functional Omics. 2019; ():145-168.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Noman; Tayyaba Sanaullah; Noreen Khalid; Waqar Islam; Shahbaz Khan; Muhammad Kashif Irshad; Muhammad Aqeel. 2019. "Crosstalk Between Plant miRNA and Heavy Metal Toxicity." Plant Metallomics and Functional Omics , no. : 145-168.

Review
Published: 07 June 2019 in REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA
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Species of the tribe Deltocephalini Dallas, 1870 (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) occurring in Pakistan are revised. Three genera and nine species are reported. Deltocephalus Burmeister with two new records: Deltocephalus vulgaris Dash & Viraktamath, 1998 and Deltocephalus infirmus Melichar, 1903; Maiestas Distant with five species of which two are new records: Maiestas albomaculata (Dash & Viraktamath, 1998) and Maiestas samuelsoni (Knight, 1976); and Paramesodes Ishihara, with one species. Male-based keys are provided along with habitus photographs and illustrations of male genitalia of examined species.

ACS Style

Hassan Naveed; Kamran Sohail; Waqar Islam; Yalin Zhang; Wen-Jun Bu. A review of the leafhopper tribe Deltocephalini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Pakistan. REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 2019, 45, 283 -292.

AMA Style

Hassan Naveed, Kamran Sohail, Waqar Islam, Yalin Zhang, Wen-Jun Bu. A review of the leafhopper tribe Deltocephalini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Pakistan. REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA. 2019; 45 (2):283-292.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hassan Naveed; Kamran Sohail; Waqar Islam; Yalin Zhang; Wen-Jun Bu. 2019. "A review of the leafhopper tribe Deltocephalini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) from Pakistan." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 45, no. 2: 283-292.

Review
Published: 30 May 2019 in Molecules
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The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is a very destructive crucifer-specialized pest that has resulted in significant crop losses worldwide. DBM is well attracted to glucosinolates (which act as fingerprints and essential for herbivores in host plant recognition) containing crucifers such as wintercress, Barbarea vulgaris (Brassicaceae) despite poor larval survival on it due to high-to-low concentration of saponins and generally to other plants in the genus Barbarea. B. vulgaris build up resistance against DBM and other herbivorous insects using glucosinulates which are used in plant defense. Aside glucosinolates, Barbarea genus also contains triterpenoid saponins, which are toxic to insects and act as feeding deterrents for plant specialist herbivores (such as DBM). Previous studies have found interesting relationship between the host plant and secondary metabolite contents, which indicate that attraction or resistance to specialist herbivore DBM, is due to higher concentrations of glucosinolates and saponins in younger leaves in contrast to the older leaves of Barbarea genus. As a response to this phenomenon, herbivores as DBM has developed a strategy of defense against these plant biochemicals. Because there is a lack of full knowledge in understanding bioactive molecules (such as saponins) role in plant defense against plant herbivores. Thus, in this review, we discuss the role of secondary plant metabolites in plant defense mechanisms against the specialist herbivores. In the future, trials by plant breeders could aim at transferring these bioactive molecules against herbivore to cash crops.

ACS Style

Mubasher Hussain; Biswojit Debnath; Muhammad Qasim; Bamisope Steve Bamisile; Waqar Islam; Muhammad Salman Hameed; Liande Wang; Dongliang Qiu. Role of Saponins in Plant Defense Against Specialist Herbivores. Molecules 2019, 24, 2067 .

AMA Style

Mubasher Hussain, Biswojit Debnath, Muhammad Qasim, Bamisope Steve Bamisile, Waqar Islam, Muhammad Salman Hameed, Liande Wang, Dongliang Qiu. Role of Saponins in Plant Defense Against Specialist Herbivores. Molecules. 2019; 24 (11):2067.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mubasher Hussain; Biswojit Debnath; Muhammad Qasim; Bamisope Steve Bamisile; Waqar Islam; Muhammad Salman Hameed; Liande Wang; Dongliang Qiu. 2019. "Role of Saponins in Plant Defense Against Specialist Herbivores." Molecules 24, no. 11: 2067.

Review article
Published: 30 April 2019 in Microbial Pathogenesis
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The plants resist/tolerate unfavorable conditions in their natural habitats by using different but aligned and integrated defense mechanisms. Such defense responses include not only morphological and physiological adaptations but also the genomic and transcriptomic reconfiguration. Microbial attack on plants activates multiple pro-survival pathways such as transcriptional reprogramming, hypersensitive response (HR), antioxidant defense system and metabolic remodeling. Up-regulation of these processes during biotic stress conditions directly relates with plant survival. Over the years, hundreds of plant transcription factors (TFs) belonging to diverse families have been identified. Zinc finger protein (ZFP) TFs have crucial role in phytohormone response, plant growth and development, stress tolerance, transcriptional regulation, RNA binding and protein-protein interactions. Recent research progress has revealed regulatory and biological functions of ZFPs in incrementing plant resistance to pathogens. Integration of transcriptional activity with metabolic modulations has miniaturized plant innate immunity. However, the precise roles of different zinc finger TFs in plant immunity to pathogens have not been thoroughly analyzed. This review consolidates the pivotal functioning of zinc finger TFs and proposes the integrative understanding as foundation for the plant growth and development including the stress responses.

ACS Style

Ali Noman; Muhammad Aqeel; Noreen Khalid; Waqar Islam; Tayyaba Sanaullah; Muhammad Anwar; Shahbaz Khan; Wenfeng Ye; Yonggen Lou. Zinc finger protein transcription factors: Integrated line of action for plant antimicrobial activity. Microbial Pathogenesis 2019, 132, 141 -149.

AMA Style

Ali Noman, Muhammad Aqeel, Noreen Khalid, Waqar Islam, Tayyaba Sanaullah, Muhammad Anwar, Shahbaz Khan, Wenfeng Ye, Yonggen Lou. Zinc finger protein transcription factors: Integrated line of action for plant antimicrobial activity. Microbial Pathogenesis. 2019; 132 ():141-149.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Noman; Muhammad Aqeel; Noreen Khalid; Waqar Islam; Tayyaba Sanaullah; Muhammad Anwar; Shahbaz Khan; Wenfeng Ye; Yonggen Lou. 2019. "Zinc finger protein transcription factors: Integrated line of action for plant antimicrobial activity." Microbial Pathogenesis 132, no. : 141-149.

Review
Published: 10 April 2019 in Cells
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Protein synthesis begins at free ribosomes or ribosomes attached with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Newly synthesized proteins are transported to the plasma membrane for secretion through conventional or unconventional pathways. In conventional protein secretion, proteins are transported from the ER lumen to Golgi lumen and through various other compartments to be secreted at the plasma membrane, while unconventional protein secretion bypasses the Golgi apparatus. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) proteins are involved in cargo vesicle trafficking and membrane fusion. The ER localized vesicle associated SNARE (v-SNARE) protein Sec22 plays a major role during anterograde and retrograde transport by promoting efficient membrane fusion and assisting in the assembly of higher order complexes by homodimer formation. Sec22 is not only confined to ER–Golgi intermediate compartments (ERGIC) but also facilitates formation of contact sites between ER and plasma membranes. Sec22 mutation is responsible for the development of atherosclerosis and symptoms in the brain in Alzheimer’s disease and aging in humans. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, Sec22 is essential for photoreceptor morphogenesis, the wingless signaling pathway, and normal ER, Golgi, and endosome morphology. In the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, it is involved in development, and in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, it is in involved in the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. In filamentous fungi, it affects cell wall integrity, growth, reproduction, pathogenicity, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), expression of extracellular enzymes, and transcriptional regulation of many development related genes. This review provides a detailed account of Sec22 function, summarizes its domain structure, discusses its genetic redundancy with Ykt6, discusses what is known about its localization to discrete membranes, its contributions in conventional and unconventional autophagy, and a variety of other roles across different cellular systems ranging from higher to lower eukaryotes, and highlights some of the surprises that have originated from research on Sec22.

ACS Style

Muhammad Adnan; Waqar Islam; Jing Zhang; Wenhui Zheng; Guo-Dong Lu. Diverse Role of SNARE Protein Sec22 in Vesicle Trafficking, Membrane Fusion, and Autophagy. Cells 2019, 8, 337 .

AMA Style

Muhammad Adnan, Waqar Islam, Jing Zhang, Wenhui Zheng, Guo-Dong Lu. Diverse Role of SNARE Protein Sec22 in Vesicle Trafficking, Membrane Fusion, and Autophagy. Cells. 2019; 8 (4):337.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Muhammad Adnan; Waqar Islam; Jing Zhang; Wenhui Zheng; Guo-Dong Lu. 2019. "Diverse Role of SNARE Protein Sec22 in Vesicle Trafficking, Membrane Fusion, and Autophagy." Cells 8, no. 4: 337.

Review
Published: 08 April 2019 in Plant Signaling & Behavior
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Phytohormones are critical in various aspects of plant biology such as growth regulations and defense strategies against pathogens. Plant–virus interactions retard plant growth through rapid alterations in phytohormones and their signaling pathways. Recent research findings show evidence of how viruses impact upon modulation of various phytohormones affecting plant growth regulations. The opinion is getting stronger that virus-mediated phytohormone disruption and alteration weaken plant defense strategies through enhanced replication and systemic spread of viral particles. These hormones regulate plant–virus interactions in various ways that may involve antagonism and cross talk to modulate small RNA (sRNA) systems. The article aims to highlight the recent research findings elaborating the impact of viruses upon manipulation of phytohormones and virus biology.

ACS Style

Waqar Islam; Hassan Naveed; Madiha Zaynab; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y. H. Chen. Plant defense against virus diseases; growth hormones in highlights. Plant Signaling & Behavior 2019, 14, 1596719 .

AMA Style

Waqar Islam, Hassan Naveed, Madiha Zaynab, Zhiqun Huang, Han Y. H. Chen. Plant defense against virus diseases; growth hormones in highlights. Plant Signaling & Behavior. 2019; 14 (6):1596719.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Islam; Hassan Naveed; Madiha Zaynab; Zhiqun Huang; Han Y. H. Chen. 2019. "Plant defense against virus diseases; growth hormones in highlights." Plant Signaling & Behavior 14, no. 6: 1596719.

Journal article
Published: 15 March 2019 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is an important pest causing significant losses to vegetables worldwide. Insecticides resistance in P. xylostella is a serious issue for scientists since last 30 years. However, deltamethrin and Bt Cry1Ac are commonly used insecticides against P. xylostella but studies involving development of resistance in P. xylostella against these two insecticides at different temperatures are lacking. The current study was aimed to find out the toxicity of deltamethrin and Bt Cry1Ac, and resistance development in P. xylostella. Results showed that the positive correlation between the temperature and toxicities of deltamethrin and Bt Cry1Ac. The results indicated −0.051, −0.049, −0.047, and −0.046 folds of deltamethrin resistance at 15 °C, 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C temperatures, respectively from 1st to 12th generations. The toxicity of Bt Cry1Ac after 24 h was 2.2 and 4.8 folds on 1st generation at 20 °C and 25 °C temperatures, respectively compared to the toxicity recorded at 15 °C (non-overlapping of 95% confidence limits). Based on the results of this study, it is concluded that the temperature has a positive correlation with the toxicity of deltamethrin and Bt Cry1Ac against the larvae of P. xylostella. This study suggests that deltamethrin and Bt Cry1Ac can be included in the management program of P. xylostella on many vegetable crops. The baseline susceptibility data might be helpful to understand the resistance mechanisms in P. xylostella.

ACS Style

Waqar Jaleel; Shafqat Saeed; Muhammad Nadir Naqqash; Muhammad Umair Sial; Muqarrab Ali; Syed Muhammad Zaka; Zahid Mahmood Sarwar; Muhammad Ishtiaq; Mirza Abdul Qayyum; Qurat Ul Aine; Adeel Anwar; Muhammad Sarmad; Rashid Azad; Muhammad Latif; Furqan Ahmed; Waqar Islam; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh. Effects of temperature on baseline susceptibility and stability of insecticide resistance against Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in the absence of selection pressure. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2019, 27, 1 -5.

AMA Style

Waqar Jaleel, Shafqat Saeed, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash, Muhammad Umair Sial, Muqarrab Ali, Syed Muhammad Zaka, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Muhammad Ishtiaq, Mirza Abdul Qayyum, Qurat Ul Aine, Adeel Anwar, Muhammad Sarmad, Rashid Azad, Muhammad Latif, Furqan Ahmed, Waqar Islam, Khalid Ali Khan, Hamed A. Ghramh. Effects of temperature on baseline susceptibility and stability of insecticide resistance against Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in the absence of selection pressure. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2019; 27 (1):1-5.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Waqar Jaleel; Shafqat Saeed; Muhammad Nadir Naqqash; Muhammad Umair Sial; Muqarrab Ali; Syed Muhammad Zaka; Zahid Mahmood Sarwar; Muhammad Ishtiaq; Mirza Abdul Qayyum; Qurat Ul Aine; Adeel Anwar; Muhammad Sarmad; Rashid Azad; Muhammad Latif; Furqan Ahmed; Waqar Islam; Khalid Ali Khan; Hamed A. Ghramh. 2019. "Effects of temperature on baseline susceptibility and stability of insecticide resistance against Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in the absence of selection pressure." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 1: 1-5.