Three types of Zostera marina L. collection were extracted using the supercritical CO₂-extraction method. For the purposes of supercritical CO₂-extraction, old seagrass ejection on the surf edge, fresh seagrass ejection on the surf edge and seagrass collected in water were used. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range 50–350 bar, with the used volume of co-solvent ethanol in the amount of 1% in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31–70 °C. The most effective extraction conditions are: pressure 250 Bar and temperature 60 °C for Z. marina collected in sea water. Z. marina contain various phenolic compounds and sulfated polyphenols with valuable biological activity. Tandem mass-spectrometry (HPLC-ESI–ion trap) was applied to detect target analytes. 77 different biologically active components have been identified in Z. marina supercritical CO₂-extracts. 38 polyphenols were identified for the first time in Z. marina.

The global increase in population has placed significant pressure on food security, leading to the emergence of aquaculture as a vital source of aquatic foods. However, rising costs and limited fish meal availability in aquafeeds have driven the search for alternative protein sources. While plant-based ingredients have been integrated into commercial aquafeeds, they come with challenges such as low protein content, palatability issues, and the presence of antinutritional factors. In this context, fish silage, made from fish waste and discarded fish, stands out as a promising alternative technology due to its cost-effectiveness and sustainability attributes. The production of fish silage involves the addition of organic/inorganic acids or lactic acid bacteria to homogenized fish waste, yielding a valuable mixture rich in peptides and free amino acids, offering significant nutritional benefits for animal diets. This review aims to promote sustainable practices in the aquaculture industry by analyzing research results related to ensiling technology, appraising the advantages and disadvantages of using fish silage as a feed ingredient, and focusing on emerging trends in this field.

This review focuses on the emerging role of site-specific mutagenesis and chimeragenesis for the functional improvement of proteins in areas where traditional protein engineering methods have been extensively used and practically exhausted. The novel path for the creation of the novel proteins has been created on the farther development of the new structure and sequence optimization algorithms for generating and designing the accurate structure models in result of x-ray crystallography studies of a lot of proteins and their mutant forms. Artificial genetic modifications aim to expand nature's repertoire of biomolecules. One of the most exciting potential results of mutagenesis or chimeragenesis finding could be design of effective diagnostics, bio-therapeutics and biocatalysts. A sampling of recent examples is listed below for the in vivo and in vitro genetically improvement of various binding protein and enzyme functions, with references for more in-depth study provided for the reader's benefit.

The global spread of the metabolic syndrome, oncological and viral diseases forces researchers to pay increased attention to the secondary metabolites of marine hydrobionts, which often have a high therapeutic potential in the treatment of these pathologies and are effective components of functional food. The flavone luteolin (LT), as one of the most widely distributed and studied plant metabolites, is distinguished by a diverse spectrum of biological activity and a pleiotropic nature of the mechanism of action at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels. However, there is still practically no information on the spectrum of biological activity of its sulfated derivatives, which are widely represented in seagrasses of the genus Zostera. In the present work, a comparative study of the pharmacological properties of LT and its 7,3′-disulfate was carried out with a brief analysis of the special role of sulfation in the pharmacological activity of flavonoids.

The biofilm-producing strains of P. aeruginosa colonize various surfaces, including food products and industry equipment that can cause serious human and animal health problems. The biofilms enable microorganisms to evolve the resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants. Analysis of the P. aeruginosa strain (serotype O6, sequence type 2502), isolated from an environment of meat processing (PAEM) during a ready-to-cook product storage (−20 °C), showed both the mosaic similarity and differences between free-living and clinical strains by their coding DNA sequences. Therefore, a cold shock protein (CspA) has been suggested for consideration of the evolution probability of the cold-adapted P. aeruginosa strains. In addition, the study of the action of cold-active enzymes from marine bacteria against the food-derived pathogen could contribute to the methods for controlling P. aeruginosa biofilms. The genes responsible for bacterial biofilm regulation are predominantly controlled by quorum sensing, and they directly or indirectly participate in the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides, which are the main element of the intercellular matrix. The levels of expression for 14 biofilm-associated genes of the food-derived P. aeruginosa strain PAEM in the presence of different concentrations of the glycoside hydrolase of family 36, α-galactosidase α-PsGal, from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. KMM 701 were determined. The real-time PCR data clustered these genes into five groups according to the pattern of positive or negative regulation of their expression in response to the action of α-galactosidase. The results revealed a dose-dependent mechanism of the enzymatic effect on the PAEM biofilm synthesis and dispersal genes.