Background: Health literacy (HL) is linked to many health outcomes, including self-management of chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the association of health literacy with the prevalence of obesity, arterial hypertension (AH), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: This cross-sectional, single-center study included 500 patients (42.2% male and 57.8% females; median age, 63 years (interquartile range, 42–73)) hospitalized at General County Hospital in Požega, Croatia, between July and October 2020. The Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Croatian Adults (SAHLCA-50) questionnaire was used. Descriptive statistics (median with interquartile range (IQR), frequency, and percentages) and binary logistic regression were utilized. Results: Patients with AH had an inadequate level of health literacy as compared to those without AH (32 vs. 40 points; Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.001). Patients with T2DM scored 31 points versus 39 points in patients without T2DM (Mann–Whitney U test, p < 0.001). Patients suffering from both AH and T2DM scored 31 points versus 33 points in those with either AH or T2DM and 41 points in patients without AH and T2DM (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in SAHLCA-50 scores according to the patient body mass index. Conclusions: An inadequate level of health literacy is significantly associated with AH and T2DM but not with obesity. Male gender, low level of education, rural place of residence, retirement, and older age are significant predictors of inadequate health literacy.

The purpose of this research was to examine whether demographic variables, personality traits, and workplace variables (working in shifts, job tenure, and perceived organizational justice) contribute the most to the prediction of job satisfaction in nurses. The survey included 161 nurses. The instruments used in this research were as follows: the Demographic Data Questionnaire, the Perceived Organizational Justice Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the NEO five-factor inventory. The study findings indicated that age, health status, distributive justice, and procedural justice positively contribute to job satisfaction among nurses, while neuroticism contributes negatively. Older nurses, those in better health, those who are satisfied with the organization’s decision-making process, and those who feel adequately rewarded for their contributions tend to be more satisfied with their jobs. Conversely, nurses with a higher level of the neuroticism personality trait tend to be less satisfied with their job. The strongest predictors of job satisfaction among nurses were found to be health status, the personality trait of neuroticism, and distributive and procedural justice, with the age of nurses being slightly less powerful but still significant.

Background: This study aims to evaluate PD-L1 expression in colorectal carcinomas (CRCs) by using the tumor proportion score (TPS) and the combined positive score (CPS), and to investigate whether there is a correlation with clinicopathologic features. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included samples from patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma treated with colon resection and rectal resection after neoadjuvant radio- and chemotherapy at the Department of Abdominal Surgery at Požega Hospital in the period from 2017 to 2022. The study included 102 tumor tissue samples from patients after resection and the pathohistological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Results: In our study, the PD-L1 positivity rate after the TPS was 42 (41%) samples, and after the CPS, 97 (95%) of them (p < 0.001). The positive expression of PD-L1 in tumor cells using the TPS method showed a statistically significant association with adenocarcinoma (TPS ≥ 10–50% and ≥50%). There were significantly more that were moderately differentiated, with TPS ≥ 50%, and those poorly differentiated had values ≥ 10–50%. There were significantly more patients with a status of more than one positive lymph node with TPS values ≥ 10–50%. Patients without metastases in the lymph nodes are significantly more likely to have CPS values > 50%, compared with other lymph node statuses. Conclusions: These results suggest that the total number of PD-L1-expressing cells, including tumor and immune cells, is a more sensitive biomarker than the number of PD-L1-expressing tumor cells alone in CRC.

Patient satisfaction is a crucial measure of the quality of healthcare, especially with regard to nursing services in hospital settings. Understanding and increasing patient satisfaction with nursing care is critical to improving overall healthcare and ensuring positive patient experiences during their hospital stay. The aim of this research was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Croatian version of the Satisfaction with Nursing Care Quality Questionnaire (PSNCQQ), test the reliability and validity of the tool after translation, and investigate differences in patient satisfaction based on demographic variables, as well as their contribution to satisfaction with the quality of nursing care. After translation and adaptation, the Croatian version of the PSNCQQ was applied to 350 hospitalized patients (average age 51.19 years (range: 18–87)), of whom 194 (55.4%) were men and 156 (44.6%) were women. The results showed high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.977) and confirmed the one-factor structure of the questionnaire, explaining 70.64% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional model, showing strong fit indices (χ² = 583.047, df = 149, p < 0.001, GFI = 0.861, AGFI = 0.818, NFI = 0.936, TLI = 0.946, CFI = 0.955, RMSEA = 0.080, PCLOSE < 0.001). In conclusion, the validation of the PSNCQQ in the Croatian language increases resources for evaluating and improving the quality of nursing care. This research lays the foundation for future studies and practical applications aimed at improving patient satisfaction and nursing care outcomes in Croatia, but there are also limitations to this study, including its one-institution scope, the possible influence of factors outside the current treatment on satisfaction, and the lack of comparison with objective clinical indicators.

(1) Background: Short Assessment of Health Literacy for Spanish Adults (SAHLSA-50) was originally designed for Spanish-speaking regions, and translations validated for several languages. The aim of the study was to adapt and verify the psychometric characteristics of SAHLSA-50 in the Croatian context; (2) Methods: The cross-sectional study included 590 respondents from the general population older than 18 years of age. Health literacy was measured by two scales: SAHLCA-50 and the Croatian version of the Newest Vital Sign screening test (NVS-HR), which was used as a measure of concurrent validity. Subjective Health Complaints (SHC) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) questionnaires were also used to assess convergent validity; (3) Results: Internal consistency reliability of SAHLCA-50 was high and corresponds to the findings of the authors of the original research. The Cronbach alpha coefficient for SAHLCA-50 version was 0.91. The correlation of SAHLCA-50 with the NVS-HR test speaks in favor of concurrent validity. Correlation between health literacy and SHC speaks for convergent validity, just as was expected, while correlation with life satisfaction was not observed; (4) Conclusions: The SAHLCA-50 test can be a good and quick tool to assess health literacy of the adult population in the Croatian language. HL can affect the health and quality of life of the individual and the wider community.

Background: Conflicts are an inevitable part of interpersonal relationships, and personality traits influence how they are resolved. In the nursing work environment, conflicts often arise from poor communication and stress, negatively impacting nurses’ well-being and quality of care. The “Big Five” personality model highlights how traits such as extraversion, agreeableness, and emotional stability shape conflict approaches. Understanding these traits aids in developing effective conflict management strategies. This study investigates intragroup conflicts among nurses by identifying their types and examining how sociodemographic factors and personality traits predict their occurrence. The aim is to provide insights that support targeted interventions and improve team dynamics in nursing practice. Methods: The study was conducted as a cross-sectional analysis within the University Hospital Centre Osijek from March to August 2024, involving nurses and technicians. Data was collected using structured questionnaires with clearly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The questionnaire included the Process Conflict Scale, the Big Five Inventory, and a Demographic questionnaire. Appropriate statistical analyses were conducted, including descriptive statistics, normality testing with the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, non-parametric Spearman and Point-Biserial correlations, and linear regression to examine predictors of intragroup conflicts. All assumptions for regression were met, with significance set at p < 0.05, and analyses were performed using JASP software version 0.17.2.1. Results: The research reveals significant differences among various types of team conflicts, where personality traits such as neuroticism increase, while conscientiousness decreases conflicts. The professional competence of respondents also positively correlates with logistical conflicts, and personality explains the variance in conflicts among nurses. Conclusions: Intragroup conflicts among nurses, particularly task-related, stem from communication issues and high care standards. Neuroticism negatively affects team dynamics, while conscientiousness can reduce conflicts but may also lead to disagreements if expectations are unmet. Education on conflict management and clearly defined roles can improve teamwork and quality of care.