Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a result of a complex interplay between genes, host immune response, gut microbiota, and environmental factors. As one of the crucial environmental factors, diet plays a pivotal role in the modulation of gut microbiota community and the development of IBD. In this review, we present an overview of dietary patterns involved in the pathogenesis and management of IBD, and analyze the associated gut microbial alterations. A Westernized diet rich in protein, fats and refined carbohydrates tends to cause dysbiosis and promote IBD progression. Some dietary patterns have been found effective in obtaining IBD clinical remission, including Crohn’s Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED), Mediterranean diet (MD), Anti-Inflammatory Diet (AID), the low-“Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides and Polyols” (FODMAP) diet, Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), and plant-based diet, etc. Overall, many researchers have reported the role of diet in regulating gut microbiota and the IBD disease course. However, more prospective studies are required to achieve consistent and solid conclusions in the future. This review provides some recommendations for studies exploring novel and potential dietary strategies that prevent IBD.

Colonoscopy is an effective method for screening colorectal cancer and adenoma, but the adenoma detection rate depends on the quality of bowel preparation. Our study investigates the influencing factors of the quality of bowel preparation before colonoscopy in outpatients and the influence of the number of walking steps on the quality of bowel preparation. We prospectively collected the clinical data of 150 outpatients undergoing colonoscopy in our department in 2019. Ordinal logistic regression shows that the overweight, not drinking, the number of walking steps before colonoscopy, and the time interval between start PEG and colonoscopy (4–6 hours) were independent factors affecting bowel preparation quality. There was a curving relationship between the reciprocal of Ottawa score and the number of walking steps before colonoscopy, and the regression equation is 1/ Ottawa score = −0.198 + 0.062 × ln steps (p = .035), a minimum of 5,270 walking steps before a colonoscopy is required for a high quality of bowel preparation.

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is a complex course of tumorigenesis associated with the genetic, lifestyle, and microbiota. we aimed to generate a prediction model of the network among genes, microbiota, metabolism pathway, and miRNA on CRC. we downloaded transcriptome data, 16sRNA data, and miRNA data of CRC and adjacent normal tissue. Subsequently, we identified DEGs, differently expressed miRNA, and different OTUs, next WGCNA package was used to predict genes related to modules, Tax4Fun R package was used to predict the function of OTUs and identify different metabolism pathways, next, we searched genes associated with metabolism pathway on PathCards and overlap the genes with the genes of the key module, finally, we predicted the regulators miRNA of the overlapped genes, and overlap that with differently expressed miRNA from the dataset. the results showed that we identified 21 overlapped genes and 3 different metabolism pathways, and 4 overlapped miRNAs. finally, we constructed a network among overlap genes, overlap miRNAs, different metabolism pathways, and bacteria. the final result shows that together with Fusobacterium, Turicibacter, Enterorhabdus, Herbaspirillum, the gene HS2ST1 regulated by hsa-miR-17-5p, hsa-miR-20a-5p, hsa-miR-93-5p, and hsa-miR-106b-5p participates in the Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis pathway, and contributes to CRC tumorigenesis and development. Funding: This work was supported by the Key Program of Cheng De science and technology bureau (grant number 202006A063); Medical science research Project Plan of HeBei Health Committee (grant number20220424); the Key Program of He Bei Science and Technology Agency(grant number 192777111D) Declaration of Interest: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests

Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and anxiety are often comorbid, and are interconnected through the microbiota-gut-brain axis. The therapeutic medications for anxiety are often constrained by adverse effects that limit their long-term use. The pursuit of natural, safe drug for anxiety is important, with the precise mechanisms elucidating the interplay between drugs and the gut-brain axis in modulating mood remaining elusive. Results We revealed a significant association between active ulcerative colitis(UC) patients and anxiety. Mendelian randomisation analysis suggested that UC has a causal relationship on anxiety, but not on depression. Next we identified Ziziphus jujuba, a natural plant, as a dual therapeutic agent for both UC and anxiety through Batman database. Magnoflorine, as the predominant compound found in Ziziphus jujuba, exhibits promising therapeutic properties for the treatment of UC and anxiety disorders. Our experiments found that magnoflorine not only alleviated colitis, but also reduced colitis-induced anxiety behaviors through gut microbiota. Mechanistically, magnoflorine could increase the abundance of Odoribacteraceae and Ruminococcus, regulate bile acid metabolism, especially hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) in colitis mice. HDCA supplement could alleviate both colitis and colitis-induced anxiety. Meanwhile HDCA could inhibit the binding site of lipopolysaccharide to the TLR4/MD2 complex, thereby inhibiting microglia activation and alleviating neuroinflammation. Conclusion Our study unveils that magnoflorine alleviates colitis-induced anxiety-like behaviors through regulating gut microbiota and microglia mediated neuroinflammation, which has the potential therapeutic for IBD comorbid with anxiety disorders.