Corn husk, a by-product of corn starch production and processing, contains high-quality dietary fiber (DF). Our study compares and analyzes the impact of Hericium erinaceus solid-state fermentation (SSF) on the structure and physicochemical characteristics of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of corn husks. The study also investigates the kinetics of SSF of H. erinaceus in this process. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) results revealed significant structural changes in corn husk SDF before and after fermentation, with a significant elevation in the functional group numbers. The data indicate that the fermented corn husk SDF’s water-holding, swelling, and oil-holding capacities increased to 1.57, 1.95, and 1.80 times those of the pre-fermentation SDF, respectively. Additionally, the results suggest that changes in extracellular enzyme activity and nutrient composition during SSF of H. erinaceus are closely associated with the mycelium growth stage, with a mutual promotion or inhibition relationship between the two. Our study offers a foundation for corn husk SDF fermentation and is relevant to the bioconversion of maize processing by-products.

The effects of ultrasonic-assisted glycosylation technology on the gel properties of transglutaminase-induced peanut protein isolate (PPI) and its influence on the release behavior of riboflavin were investigated. The mechanism of the glycosylation action and polysaccharide content on the gel properties of PPI were preliminarily explored. The results showed that glycosylation action made the structural unfolding of PPI, enhanced the molecular interactions between molecules, and formed a more compact gel network structure. Especially when the ratio of PPI to corn silk polysaccharide was 5:1, the G', G", gel strength, and water-holding capacity were significantly improved. The improvement of gel properties was related to the hydrophobic interaction and disulfide bond enhancement between PPI and corn silk polysaccharide. Glycosylation action made the composite gel had a higher loading rate and protective and sustained release of riboflavin. This study provided an idea to solve the problems of poor processing performance of PPI.

The rising demand for convenient, nutritious foods necessitates improved freeze–thaw (F-T) stability in frozen fish balls; however, traditional thermal processing fails to prevent moisture loss, textural degradation, and oxidation. Therefore, this study systematically investigated the effect of ultra-high pressure (UHP) treatment on the quality of golden pomfret fish balls (Trachinotus ovatus) using two-step heating as a control during the F-T cycles. The results showed that compared to two-step heating, UHP significantly reduced the thawing loss (0.68 times) and centrifugal water loss (2.43 times) by enhancing the water-binding capacity (15–20%) and forming denser gel networks. Microstructural analysis revealed that UHP resulted in a more compact internal structure, reduced porosity, altered ice-crystal geometry, and a slower recrystallization rate of the fish balls. Furthermore, UHP effectively reduced protein oxidation (34.53% lower carbonyl increase) and lipid peroxidation (15.6% lower TBARS value) after five F-T cycles compared to the control. Correlation analysis confirmed the dual role of UHP in the regulation of oxidative and structural stability. These findings provide a new technological approach for processing and storing fish balls.

This work sought to explore a new method for using corn silk polysaccharide (CSP) and peanut protein isolate (PPI) to stabilize high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). An ultrasound-assisted hydrothermal technique was used to make the PPI-CSP covalent complexes and HIPEs. Particle size analysis, rheological studies, and multiple light scattering techniques were used to analyze the stability and attributes of the emulsion. Microscopic studies reveal that the PPI-CSP complex encapsulates oil droplets at the interface, forming a typical oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. The stability of the HIPEs is notably improved by the inclusion of CSP; the smallest particle size was recorded at a 2:1 PPI to CSP ratio (12.91 ± 0.13 μm). According to rheological evaluations, all HIPEs behave in a shear-thinning manner and have solid-like properties. Furthermore, this emulsion exhibits excellent stability during thermal treatment, changes in ion concentration, different pH values, and storage.