The synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) using the green route is environmentally harmonious and cost-effective compared to conventional chemical and physical methods. In this study, the green synthesis of silver NPs was carried out using an extract of Debregeasia salicifolia. The synthesized Ag NPs were characterized by means of different techniques i.e., UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, and XRD. The XRD pattern exhibited distinctive Bragg’s peaks at (200), (111), (311), and (220). The XRD analysis confirmed the face-centered cubic geometry of the synthesized NPs and revealed that the nature of these NPs is crystalline. The synthesized NPs were verified for their antibacterial activities against Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. It showed that antibacterial activity of synthesized silver (NPs) was increased with increasing concentrations of both calcined and non-calcined NPs. The antioxidant activities of Ag NPs were also determined against ABTS at different concentrations for both calcined and non-calcined Ag NPs. Non-calcined Ag NPs have greater antioxidant activity than calcined Ag NPs. This report has a significant medicinal application, and it might open up new horizons in this field.

The presence of major heavy metals including Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Cr6+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ in water is of great concern because they cannot degrade or be destroyed. They are toxic even at very low concentrations. Therefore, it is necessary to remove such toxicants from water. In the current study, polydopamine carbon nanotubes (PD-CNTs) and polysulfone (PS) composite membranes were prepared. The structural and morphological features of the prepared PDCN composite membranes were studied using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and EDS. The potential application of PDCNs for heavy metal removal was studied for the removal of Pb2+, Cr6+, and Cd2+ from wastewater. The maximum removal efficiency of 96.1% was obtained for Cr6+ at 2.6 pH using a composite membrane containing 1.0% PD-CNTs. The removal efficiencies decreased by 64.1 and 73.4, respectively, by enhancing the pressure from 0.50 up to 0.85 MPa. Under the same circumstances, the percentages of Pb+2 removal at 0.49 bar by the PDCNS membranes containing 0.5% and 1.0% PD-CNT were 70 and 90.3, respectively, and decreased to 54.3 and 57.0, respectively, upon increasing the pressure to 0.85 MPa. The results showed that PDCNS membranes have immense potential for the removal of heavy metals from water.

The rising carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) concentrations in the atmosphere, primarily attributed to anthropogenic activities, have led to unprecedented environmental challenges like climate change and global warming. This comprehensive review examines the adsorption of CO ₂ on various adsorbents, focusing on their potential application as fertilizers. The review begins by providing a general overview of the present state of CO ₂ emissions and their environmental impact, emphasizing the urgency of finding practical solutions. The discussion then shifts to the adsorption mechanisms involved in CO ₂ capture, exploring physical adsorption, chemical adsorption, and hybrid approaches. The subsequent sections cover CO₂ capture materials inorganic (metal oxides, silica, clays, and zeolites), carbon‐based (adsorbents and biochar), porous frameworks (gels and ion‐exchange resins), functionalized/polymeric (amine‐based materials, amino acids [AAs], and polymers), and hybrid and process‐integrated (sorbent‐enhanced water–gas shift [SEWGS] and others). The effects of pressure, temperature, and environmental gases on adsorption behavior are also examined. Notably, the review explores the potential of CO ₂ ‐loaded adsorbents as fertilizers, investigating their ability to enhance plant growth and soil fertility. The impact of these materials on soil properties, nutrient availability, and microbial activity is discussed to assess their overall effectiveness in agricultural applications. The review also discusses the emerging innovations in CO ₂ capture and utilization and real‐world applications of CO ₂ ‐based fertilizers. Challenges are also addressed, including scalability, economic feasibility, and further research to optimize the performance of CO₂‐loaded adsorbents as fertilizers. The review further emphasizes a comprehensive evaluation of the economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of CO₂ capture‐to‐fertilizer pathways, highlighting production costs, scalability challenges, and life‐cycle impacts to guide practical implementation. The findings presented herein contribute to the evolving discourse on climate change mitigation and sustainable agriculture, offering insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners alike.