Resumo O saneamento básico inadequado pode ocasionar uma série de doenças endêmicas e epidêmicas. O objetivo é analisar a influência da Política Municipal de Saneamento Básico (PMSB) na ocorrência de doenças relacionadas ao saneamento básico inadequado nos municípios brasileiros. Utilizando dados da Pesquisa de Informações Básicas Municipais (MUNIC) de 2017, a análise empírica é dividida em duas etapas. Primeiro, utiliza-se o modelo probit espacial para identificar se a presença da PMSB influencia a probabilidade dos municípios apresentarem doenças. Segundo, utiliza-se o modelo logit para verificar as chances de ocorrência de doenças, levando em consideração o tipo de cluster espacial de PMSB que os municípios pertencem. Os resultados da primeira etapa detectaram a presença de dependência espacial e não permitem afirmar que possuir a PMSB diminui a probabilidade de ocorrência de doenças. Os resultados da segunda etapa mostraram que há uma diminuição das chances de ocorrência de doenças em municípios que pertencem a clusters do tipo HH (municípios com PMSB, cercados por municípios com PMSB) e LH (municípios sem PMSB, cercados por municípios com PMSB). Conclui-se que para a PMSB ser efetiva na redução da ocorrência de doenças, ela deve ser planejada em um contexto espacial mais amplo que os limites municipais.

Resumo: A importância do agronegócio na economia é um tema bastante estudado no contexto brasileiro. O objetivo deste estudo é contribuir com este tema fazendo uma mensuração simultânea do agronegócio nacional e de todas as Unidades da Federação nos anos de 2000 e 2010. Os resultados do estudo permitem verificar como o agronegócio agregado e seus componentes se distribuem no território nacional e ao longo do tempo. Para isso foram utilizadas informações compatibilizadas das matrizes de insumo-produto e de empregos da RAIS. Considerando apenas o ano de 2010, os resultados obtidos mostram que o agronegócio representa 21% do Valor Adicionado da economia brasileira, que São Paulo é a Unidade da Federação com maior participação no agronegócio nacional (26%) e que Mato Grosso é a Unidade da Federação com maior participação do agronegócio na economia local (56%).

To control the transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Brazilian local governments have adopted partial lockdown measures in economic sectors, thereby triggering transmission shocks along input–output supply chains. The national internal market and territorial disparities favor the formation of subnational production networks within borders, thus increasing the potential effects of lockdown measures on regional integration production networks. Therefore, this study makes hypothetical simulations of COVID-19 mitigation policy decisions to understand the regional impacts on integration in supply chains, considering both domestic and global value chains. The generalized hypothetical extraction method is applied to a Brazilian interregional input–output model with 68 industries and 27 regions, imputing partial removals on intermediate consumption and final demand. The results suggest that richer subnational areas, mainly São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, are proportionally more impacted by COVID-19 trade shocks. However, the poorer peripheries are doubly affected, either by the foreign shock, which would damage their economic structure, or by the retraction of the subnational demand from core states. The findings highlight that economic shocks are spatially distributed through different industrial structures, thus stressing the need to avoid ‘one size fits all’ regional policies to mitigate the potential negative effects on exposed regions.

The impact of COVID-19 on the economy was devastating. Small businesses typically have few resources to fight against such adversity. Many businesses remained closed for some time during the pandemic period, resulting in significant consequences for people in terms of jobs, income and life. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that contributed to increasing company failures during the pandemic. Furthermore, this study aims to verify whether the size of the companies, the sectors of economic activity in which they operate and their geographic location influence enterprise failure. This article analyzes the survival of 8931 small businesses from 2017 to 2023, in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The study applied a survival analysis using the Kaplan–Meier procedure, complemented with the Cox procedure, to determine the effects of the size of companies, sector activity and location on the survival time. The results indicate that survival is much higher in small companies with large revenues that are located in the Campaign and West Frontier regions, as well as in the Northeast, North, Production, South, Taquari, and Rio Pardo Valleys regions, whereas the survival rates were extremely lower in the commercial sector and in financial intermediation activities. In the second analysis restricted to the commerce sector, the data highlighted the retail activities, accommodation and food activities sectors as the most affected in terms of overall survival. The results indicated that the survival of small business remained relatively strong during the COVID-19 pandemic, signaling the pertinent support from the government. The smallest business with revenues under USD 15,576 (BRL 81,000) per year were the most affected, with only 39% survival after 7 years. Some activities and some regions suffered more than others, emphasizing the need for special attention from authorities in future catastrophes.