Although the study of emotions in archaeology has increased considerably in recent years, loneliness remains understudied. This paper aims to challenge that bias and demonstrate how identifying and exploring loneliness can provide invaluable insights into the human experience, enabling a greater understanding of past societies and their social dynamics. This study, bridging sciences and humanities, aims to promote a debate to address the gap in the archaeological study of loneliness. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, with insights from history, anthropology, and psychology, two case studies are presented using three different lines of archaeological analysis: one from architectural structures which contribute to the feeling of loneliness; one from lonely landscapes that may contribute to the same negative feeling; and one from the social (or individual) strategies used to fight that feeling.

Wealth differentials in archaeological sites are a frequently studied topic, but social differentiation approaches are rarely applied to different contexts within a wider territory, especially in Portugal. In this article, the authors discuss the differences in wealth and inequality through the consumption of tablewares from fifteen sites across Portugal dated from the sixteenth to the nineteenth centuries ad. The archaeological evidence derives from two types of contexts: secular (houses and dumps) and religious (female and male religious institutions). Using a statistical similarity method to compare different consumption patterns in each context, the authors discuss how this can help us understand wealth differences in distinct social environments. Les différents niveaux de richesse d'un site sont un thème souvent abordé an archéologie mais les méthodes permettant de distinguer entre échelons sociaux sont rarement employées à une échelle plus ample, particulièrement au Portugal. Les auteurs de cet article examinent les différences économiques et sociales que l’étude de la vaisselle de table provenant de quinze sites portugais du XVIe au XIX siècle révèle. Les données archéologiques proviennent de deux types de contextes : domestiques (demeures et dépotoirs) et religieux (monastères et couvents). L'analyse statistique des similarités permet de comparer les modes de consommation observés dans chaque contexte et mène à une discussion des moyens de mieux appréhender le niveau de richesse dans des milieux sociaux distincts. Translation by Madeleine Hummler Unterschiede im Wohlstand auf einer archäologischen Stätte werden oft diskutiert, aber die soziale Differenzierung in verschiedenen Kontexten wird selten auf einer weiteren Ebene behandelt, besonders in Portugal. Die Verfasser dieses Artikels untersuchen die Hinweise auf Ungleichheiten im Wohlstand anhand des Verbrauchs von Tafelgeschirr aus fünfzehn portugiesischen Stätten des 16. bis 19. Jahrhunderts. Die archäologischen Angaben stammen aus zwei verschiedenen Milieus: weltlich (Häuser, Müllhaufen) und religiös (Männer- und Frauenklöster). Die statistische Analyse der Ähnlichkeit, welche das Verbrauchsmuster in den jeweiligen Stätten vergleicht, führt zu einer Diskussion, wie man den Wohlstand in unterschiedlichen sozialen Bereichen besser erfassen kann. Translation by Madeleine Hummler

Spatial statistical analysis is almost absent from research on underwater archaeological contexts. However, the information obtained using this approach would allow the reconstruction of depositional dynamics and the exploration of distribution patterns related to the ships’ on-board organization. This paper proposes a six-step methodology that will contribute to reducing the current gap in the use of spatial statistical analysis of shipwreck sites. This methodology will be tested in two distinct case studies, the Uluburun and the Tortugas wrecks, showing that the same protocol can be useful in the interpretation of different shipwrecks, in sites with a coherent distribution during their formation process. Using statistical tools, this methodology will strengthen context awareness, confirming, refuting, or adding new perspectives to previous interpretations. Finally, the way the framework was built will allow its replication in other sites.

O presente artigo faz uma análise comparativa estatística de alguns atributos morfológicos da Lusitana 3, nas duas regiões produtoras, o Sado e o Tejo, situadas na costa ocidental da provincia da Lusitania. Esta análise foi feita a partir de uma reapreciação dos dados não quantificados, publicados, relativos a Abul e Pinheiro, e, sobretudo, de uma análise quantificada dos espólios do Porto dos Cacos e do Zambujalinho. A análise dos perfis completos dados à estampa até hoje, em centros de consumo e em áreas de trânsito fluvial, permite a proposição de três módulos volumétricos: grácil, intermédio e grande. A análise regional comparada dos perfis de bordo permitiu a constituição de três variantes: bordo triangular, maioritário no Tejo; bordo arqueado, maioritário no Sado; e bordo intermédio, sempre secundário. Ao nível das asas, a investigação aponta para morfologias exclusivas: mono-canelura longitudinal no Tejo e dupla-canelura longitudinal no Sado.