Learning Approaches and Reading Comprehension: The Role of Student Questioning and Prior Knowledge // Enfoques de aprendizaje y comprensión lectora: El papel de las preguntas de los estudiantes y del conocimiento previo

This study aims to analyze cultural competence through the knowledge and attitudes regarding LGBT people held by the students of social work at two universities in southern Spain (N = 512). An ex post facto correlational study has been conducted. The Sex Education and Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire, the Modern Homonegativity Scale and the Negative Attitudes toward Transgender People Scale have been applied to gather information. Data analysis was carried out using frequencies, descriptive statistics, correlations and inferential statistics. The findings show that men, religious, and politically conservative people reported higher levels of homonegative and transphobic attitudes than women, non-religious and politically more liberal people. There is also a lack of specific knowledge on the reality of and specific legislation regarding LGBT people. There is a need to continue to examine and to progress in the training of future social workers in cultural competence, incorporating the contributions of feminist theory.

The studies focused on analysing attitudes toward homosexuality show that the manifestation of homonegativity has evolved into more modern forms. We therefore propose using instruments that capture subtle aspects in discrimination against gay and lesbian people. The objective of this study is twofold. First, we aim to adapt and validate the Portuguese version of the Modern Homonegativity Scale. Second, we set out to analyse the modern homonegativity shown by Portuguese university students. The scale includes two parallel subscales (MHS-Gay Men and MHS-Lesbian Women), each with 12 items. Six hundred and forty-one Portuguese college students between 18 and 27 years of age participated in the study (M_age = 21.23; SD = 1.88). The results demonstrate the unidimensionality of the scale and a high degree of internal consistency, along with satisfactory fit indices. Those people who identified as male and heterosexual showed greater modern homonegativity. We conclude that the Portuguese version of the MHS is valid and reliable for evaluating modern homonegativity in Portugal.

Revista Internacional de Educación para la Justicia Social publica dos números al año. Los objetivos de la revista son: colaborar en la difusión de la investigación educativa sobre Educación para la Justicia Social; favorecer la utilización de los resultados de la investigación para una mejora de los sistemas educativos, las escuelas y las aulas enfocada a la Justicia Social; fomentar la realización de investigaciones educativas de calidad sobre Educación para la Justicia Social; colaborar en el debate sobre problemas de investigación educativa actual y la justicia social en educación.