Diallyl disulfide (DADS) is a natural organosulfur compound isolated from garlic. DADS has various biological properties, including anticancer, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant effects. However, the anticancer mechanisms of DADS in human esophageal carcinoma have not been elucidated, especially in vivo. In this study, MTT assay showed that DADS significantly reduced cell viability in human esophageal carcinoma ECA109 cells, but was relatively less toxic in normal liver cells. The pro–apoptotic effect of DADS on ECA109 cells was detected by Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide (PI) staining. Flow cytometry analysis showed that DADS promoted apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner and the apoptosis rate could be decreased by caspase-3 inhibitor Ac-DEVD-CHO. Xenograft study in nude mice showed that DADS treatment inhibited the growth of ECA109 tumor in both 20 and 40 mg/kg DADS groups without obvious side effects. DADS inhibited ECA109 tumor proliferation by down-regulating proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). DADS induced apoptosis by activating a mitochondria-dependent pathway with the executor of caspase-3, increasing p53 level and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, and downregulating the RAF/MEK/ERK pathway in ECA109 xenograft tumosr. Based on studies in cell culture and animal models, the findings here indicate that DADS is an effective and safe anti-cancer agent for esophageal carcinoma.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by an excessive systemic inflammatory response, which can be classified as primary HLH (pHLH) and secondary HLH (sHLH). Viruses are the primary pathogens causing sHLH. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-borne disease caused by hantaviruses. Its main characteristics include fever, circulatory collapse with hypotension, hemorrhage, and acute kidney injury. The case of HFRS presented with sHLH is very rare in clinic. We reported the HFRS inducing by Hantaan virus (HTNV) presented with sHLH as the first case in Shaanxi province of west China. A case of HFRS in 69-year-old Chinese woman, which had persistent fever, cytopenia, coagulopathy, ferritin significantly increased, hepatosplenomegaly and superficial lymphadenopathy. The hemophagocytosis was found in bone marrow, which was consistent with the characteristics of the HLH. The patient recovered completely after timely comprehensive treatments. HTNV should be considered as one of the underlying viruses resulting in hemophagocytosis, and if occurs, the early diagnosis and rapid therapeutic intervention are very important to the prognosis of sHLH.

Background. Hyperamylasemia (HA) is an inconspicuous manifestation of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Baoji city, West China. Hantaan virus (HTNV) is the only pathogen‐caused HFRS in this region, but the knowledge about HA in the local HFRS patients has been limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of HA and its predictive risk factors for doctors to engage in timely monitoring and dealing with the possible serious changes prewarned by HA in the early stages of the disease to improve the final outcome. Methods. All HFRS patients with and without HA (HA and nHA groups, respectively) were treated in Baoji People’s Hospital. The clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared by Student’s t‐test or Chi‐square test. The risk factors for prognosis were measured by the logistic regression analysis. The predictive effects of prognosis in clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed by the receiver operating characteristic curves. Results. 46.53% of the patients demonstrated HA, among which 71.7% were severe and critical types of HFRS, greater than that in the nHA group (19.57%, P < 0.001). The hospitalization day and the general incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) were longer or greater in the HA group than in the nHA group (P < 0.01). Age and the time from the onset of the first symptom to the patient being admitted to hospital (T_OA) were the predictive risk factors for HA. The best cut‐off values were the age of 54 years and T_OA of 5.5 days. Conclusion. HTNV‐induced HA is a common clinical presentation of HFRS patients in West China. It can increase the severity, the hospitalization days of patients, and the incidence of AP in HFRS. Age and T_OA constituted independent risk factors for HA caused by HTNV.

To assess the sustained virologic response (SVR12) and safety profile of 12‐week coblopasvir/sofosbuvir (COB/SOF) therapy in hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected patients across genotypes in Northwest China. This prospective cohort study (2023–2024) enrolled HCV patients from 12 clinical centers in Northwest China, adhering to the China Hepatitis C Prevention Guidelines (2022). Participants received daily oral coblopasvir (60 mg) and sofosbuvir (400 mg) for 12 weeks. Key endpoints included HCV RNA quantification, genotype distribution, liver/kidney biomarkers, ultrasound findings, and liver stiffness measurements at baseline, end‐of‐treatment (EOT), and 12 weeks post‐treatment (SVR12). Cirrhosis was defined by ultrasound and transient elastography (> 14.6 kPa). Of 209 initiators, 170 completed treatment (median age 52.5; 57.1% female), including 21 cirrhotic patients. Genotype distribution showed predominance of 1b (38.2%), 2a (31.2%), and 3a (12.4%), with rare 6a (0.6%) and untypable (2.4%). The EOT virologic clearance rate reached 98.8% (168/170), with SVR12 of 99.4% (128/129). Significant improvements occurred in liver biochemical indicators: ALT ( p < 0.001), AST ( p < 0.001), GGT ( p < 0.001), TBil ( p = 0.04 at SVR12). RBC increased ( p = 0.04 at EOT; p = 0.00358 at SVR12). No renal impairment was observed (Cr, UA, UREA p > 0.05). The regimen demonstrated excellent tolerability with no severe adverse events. The COB/SOF combination achieved high SVR12 rates (> 99%) across diverse HCV genotypes in Northwest China, including cirrhotic patients, with concurrent liver function recovery and stable renal parameters. These real‐world data support its first‐line application in resource‐limited regions.