This research presents a systematic review of a substantial body of high-quality research articles on Default Prediction Models published from 2015 to 2024. It is a comprehensive analysis of a DPM wide spectrum approaches including Textual Models, Systematic Review Studies, Hybrid Models, Intelligent Models and Statistical Models. The reason behind this study is rooted in the critical need to mitigate and understand the credit default risk that poses a significant threat to financial stability worldwide. By employing an evidence-based approach and methodological rigorously, this research critically evaluates the gaps, effectiveness and evolution in existing DPM methodologies. It is not only synthesized the current landscape of DPM study but also identified the direction for the future research, by offering novel insights and bridging theoretical gaps for enhancing the strategies of credit risk management. This study stands out by focusing on high citation research from top tier publishers, ensuring the quality and relevance of its analysis. The findings of this study have profound implications for stakeholders across the financial sector, including bankers, investors, regulatory bodies, and researchers. It aims to advance financial stability by providing a comprehensive overview of DPM advancements and pointing towards areas that require further exploration. By doing so, it contributes significantly to the development of more effective and sophisticated DPM strategies, thereby enhancing the robustness of financial institutions against potential defaults.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the psychological factors influencing herding behavior among investors in the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). Design/Methods/Approach: Data has been collected through questionnaire from 400 respondents, the study identifies information, national culture, market sentiments, experience, and overconfidence as independent variables affecting herding behavior as dependent variable. Findings: The study found that information, national culture, market sentiments, and experience positively influence herding behavior, while overconfidence has a significant and negative relationship with herding behavior. The model explains 55% of the variation in the behavior and has a Q² value of 0.270 which strengthen the findings. Originality/Value: This study contributes to knowledge in the field of behavioral finance, particularly in developing countries, and suggests future research can expand on psychological factors and investor types. Practical/Policy implication: The findings can assist investors in making more rational and optimal investment decisions and avoiding herding by conducting independent research, taking calculated risks, and expanding their knowledge of diverse cultures.

Corporate governance is important in developing a culture of integrity in an ‎organization that enhances the performance of business resulting in sustainability in the ‎business of the organization. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of ‎corporate governance factors on bank performance in Pakistan. The data was ‎collected from 15 banks from the period of 2010 to 2020. The data was collected ‎from the financial reports of the banks. The dependent variable was returning on assets as a ‎proxy of firm performance and the independent variables were corporate governance ‎factors (namely, the board size, firm size, independent directors, CEO duality, and ‎leverage). The technique was applied for this research included the Co-integration test, ‎the Hausman test to determine Random or Fixed Effect, and the Panel Least Square Regression ‎to check the relationship between variables The result found that board size has ‎a significant effect on return on assets indicated that optimum board size in an ‎organization increases the ROA. The results found board independence has a significant ‎effect on return on assets indicating the independency of directors is involved in creating ‎greater value for shareholders. The results found that CEO/Chairman duality has ‎an insignificant impact on return on assets. The results found leverage has a significant ‎impact on return on assets indicating that having high leverage earns more profit. The ‎results found a positive impact of firm size on return on assets. Results can be ‎concluded that improvement in corporate practices increases the firm performance ‎shows the positive revenue generates by the company and the company used its assets ‎through business. Good CG practices make firm-healthy.

The purpose of the study is to determine the influence of supportive leadership, voice behavior of supervisor on voice behavior of employees on in Pharmaceutical industry of Pakistan. Moreover, second objective of this study is to determine the role of trust in supervisor as a mediator between supportive leadership, voice behavior of supervisor and voice behavior of employee. The data was collected through survey questionnaire by spreading among employees working at pharmaceutical companies in Karachi, Pakistan. Total 180 sample data was analyzed and that delivered statistical results of developed hypotheses by observing previous studies. SPSS and PLS-SEM, statistical technique will use to test the hypotheses. The result found that supportive leadership and perceived voice behavior has positive affect on employee voice behavior. Further, supportive leadership has positive impact on employee voice behavior. In addition, trust in supervision positively mediates the relationship between perceived voice behavior of supervisor, supportive leadership and employee voice behavior.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior on employee voice behavior in the ceramic industry in Pakistan. The study also aims to investigate the role of trust in the supervisor as a mediator between the independent and dependent variables. The data was collected through a survey questionnaire from 180 employees working in ceramic companies in Karachi, Pakistan. The statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS and PLS-SEM to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study indicate that both supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior have a positive effect on employee voice behavior. This implies that when employees perceive their supervisors to be supportive, and they provide opportunities for employee participation and involvement, they are more likely to voice their opinions and ideas freely. Additionally, supportive leadership has a direct and positive impact on employee voice behavior. This implies that when employees receive supportive leadership, they are more likely to voice their opinions and ideas. The study also found that trust in supervision mediates the relationship between supervisor voice behavior, supportive leadership, and employee voice behavior. This suggests that when employees trust their supervisors, they are more likely to perceive their supervisors as providing a supportive leadership style and engaging in voice behavior, which ultimately leads to increased employee voice behavior. The research provides valuable insights for managers and supervisors in Pakistan's ceramic industry. It highlights the importance of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior in promoting employee voice behavior. Managers and supervisors can use this information to create a positive work environment that encourages employee participation and involvement. They can also work towards building trust with their employees to increase their perceptions of supportive leadership and supervisor voice behavior.