Puerarin is a predominant component of Radix Puerarin. Despite its anti-tumor and anti-virus effects and efficacy in improving cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases and preventing osteoporosis, it has been shown to protect against diabetes and its complications. This review summarizes the current knowledge on Puerarin in diabetes and related complications, aiming to provide an overview of antidiabetic mechanisms of Puerarin and new targets for treatment.

Objective. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy of tonifying kidney and activating blood circulation (TKABC) based on the theory of kidney deficiency and blood stasis for the treatment of immune infertility. Methods. Six electronic databases, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP information database, were searched from inception to January 2021 to identify eligible studies of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome measurements were the total effective rate and pregnancy rate, and the secondary outcome measurements included the negative conversion rate of serum antibodies and the incidence of adverse effects. The quantitative synthesis was performed using the Review Manager 5.3 software. The chi-square statistic and I² statistic were employed to investigate statistical heterogeneity. The fixed-effects model was used for a low heterogeneity (I²<50), and the random-effects model was applied if heterogeneity was moderate (50<I²<75). Funnel plots were used to evaluate potential reporting bias when more than ten eligible studies were included. Results. Thirteen RCTs involving 1298 patients with immune infertility of kidney deficiency and blood stasis were included. Compared with conventional group, TCM TKABC therapy showed a significant improvement on the total effective rate (RR: 1.38; 95 CI: 1.30,1.47; and I²=0), pregnancy rate (RR: 2.04; 95 CI: 1.73, 2.40; and I²=30), negative conversion rates of AsAb (RR: 1.42; 95 CI: 1.12,1.79; and I²=62), AEmAb rates (RR: 1.21; 95 CI: 1.04,1.41; and I²=0), and AhCGAb with less adverse effects (RR: 0.24; 95 CI: 1.73, 2.40; and I²=55). However, the negative conversion rate of AoAb and ACAb showed no significant statistical difference. Conclusions. Our review suggests that TCM TKABC therapy based on the theory of kidney deficiency and blood stasis appears to be an effective and safe approach for patients with immune infertility. However, the methodological quality of included RCTs was unsatisfactory, and it is necessary to verify its effectiveness with more well-designed and high-quality multicenter RCTs.

Objective: Systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of Manual therapy and related interventions in the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) based on Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Subjects: Carpal tunnel syndrome. Interventions: Manual therapy and related interventions versus other therapies or manual therapy and related interventions plus other therapies versus other therapies. Outcomes measures: Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire. Results: A total of 6 studies were included, including 211 cases in the manual therapy group and 211 cases in the control group. The quality of the included articles was high, and the results of meta-analysis showed that manual therapy and related interventions were superior in terms of improving the Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire Symptom Severity score in patients with CTS (standardised mean difference [SMD] −1.13, 95% CI −1.40 to −0.87), were superior to control groups in terms of improving the Boston carpal tunnel questionnaire functional capacity scale in patients with CTS (SMD −1.01,95% CI −1.24 to −0.77). Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis suggested that manual therapy and related interventions were better than control groups in treating CTS. Manual therapy and related interventions could relieve the symptoms of patients with CTS and promote the recovery of hand function. Manual therapy and related interventions should be considered clinically effective methods for treating CTS. Registration: The protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; No. CRD 42020201389). Contribution of the Article: Manual therapy and related interventions could relieve the symptoms of patients with CTS and promote the recovery of hand function. Manual therapy and related interventions should be considered clinically effective methods for treating CTS.

Mpox (MPX) has escalated into a public health emergency of international concern, necessitating urgent prophylactic and therapeutic measures. The primary goal of this investigation was to systematically extract Wan Quan’s expertise in treating smallpox, as documented in Exclusive Methods for Treating Pox (Dou Zhen Xin Fa in Chinese), with the aim of identifying potential prescriptions, herbs, and components for alternative MPX therapies or drugs. This research utilized data mining to identify high-frequency Chinese Medicines (CMs), high-frequency CM-pairs, and CM compatibility rules. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulation were employed to reveal the potential molecular mechanisms of the core CM-pair. 119 prescriptions were extracted from Exclusive Methods for Treating Pox. We identified 25 high-frequency CMs and 23 high-frequency CM pairs among these prescriptions. Combined association rule mining analysis, Gancao (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.), Renshen (Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.), Danggui (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels), Shengma (Cimicifuga foetida L.), and Zicao (Lithospermum erythrorhizon Siebold & Zucc.) were selected as the core CM-pair for further investigation. Network pharmacology analysis yielded 131 active components and 348 candidate targets for the core CM-pair. Quercetin and celabenzine were chosen as ligands for molecular docking. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the core CM-pair could interact with targets involved in immune, inflammatory, and infectious diseases. Moreover, key mpox virus targets, F8-A22-E4 DNA polymerase holoenzyme and profilin-like protein A42R, were docked well with the selected core components. And molecular dynamic simulation indicated that the component (quercetin) could stably bind to the target (profilin-like protein A42R). Our findings identified potential prescriptions, herbs, and components that can offer potential therapies or drugs for addressing the MPX epidemic.

波导不变量有两种定义方式，按照干涉条纹斜率的定义适合工程应用，按照简正波频散的定义适合理论分析.在有跃层的波导中，这两种定义方式并不完全一致.由于简正波频散特性差异，按照频散特性定义的波导不变量β会有许多不同的取值，这些β被称为波导不变量的β谱.此时声场干涉结构应该用多个β来描述，而以往的β提取算法只能给出一个最佳估计值，导致一些信息的丢失.借鉴图像处理中的积分投影概念，将声强图像按照角度进行积分投影，以分离不同斜率的条纹成分；然后对投影曲线进行傅里叶变换，以分离不同间距的条纹成分，最终实现各个β谱值的分离.仿真和实验结果表明，β谱分离算法可以从声场干涉结构中有效地提取不同条纹成分的β，并将其映射到二维平面内，具有更强的噪声抑制能力，所以能在更低的信噪比条件下使用.