Background and Objectives: Oral disorders, frequently observed in patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome, can profoundly affect patients’ daily lives and well-being, as oral health represents a fundamental part of general health. Saliva plays an essential part in maintaining and protecting oral health, so the decrease in its quantity and quality leads to chronic oral discomfort alongside a broad spectrum of problems. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the oral health of patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome and establish its effect on the different domains of their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods: The research was designed as an observational case–control study with prospective data collection. Eighty patients, divided into two groups based on their oral status, participated in the study. All subjects underwent a complete oral examination. The OHRQoL was assessed using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Results: The most prevalent oral manifestation was exfoliative cheilitis, while 30% of subjects complained of chewing and swallowing difficulties. The OHIP-14 summary score was significantly higher in the patients with oral lesions (26.0 (5.0) vs. 17.0 (4.0), respectively; p < 0.001). Oral manifestations, systemic involvement, medication, and periodontal indexes were significantly associated with OHIP-14 scores. Conclusions: Patients with oral alterations had a substantially decreased OHRQoL. These findings emphasize the importance of oral diseases for patients’ well-being. Therefore, it is essential for dentists to be included in the multidisciplinary teams managing primary Sjögren’s syndrome, as improving patients’ oral status would lead to better oral health and enhanced OHRQoL.

Two newly synthesized coumarin–palladium(II) complexes (C1 and C2) were characterized using elemental analysis, spectroscopy (IR and ¹H-¹³C NMR), and DFT methods at the B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory. The in vitro and in silico cytotoxicity of coumarin ligands and their corresponding Pd(II) complexes was examined. For in vitro testing, five cell lines were selected, namely human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa), the melanoma cell line (FemX), epithelial lung carcinoma (A549), the somatic umbilical vein endothelial cell line (EA.hi926), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Panc-1). In order to examine the in silico inhibitory potential and estimate inhibitory constants and binding energies, molecular docking studies were performed. The inhibitory activity of C1 and C2 was investigated towards epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2). According to the results obtained from the molecular docking simulations, the inhibitory activity of the investigated complexes towards all the investigated proteins is equivalent or superior in comparison with current therapeutical options. Moreover, because of the low binding energies and the high correlation rate with experimentally obtained results, it was shown that, out of the three, the inhibition of RTK is the most probable mechanism of the cytotoxic activity of the investigated compounds.

In this study, green synthesis of two derivatives of coumarin–hydroxybenzohydrazide, (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)-chroman-7-yl acetate (C–HB₁), and (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)chroman-7-yl acetate (C–HB₂) is reported. Using vinegar and ethanol as a catalyst and solvent, the reactions were carried out between 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-coumarin acetate and corresponding trihydroxybenzoyl hydrazide. The antioxidant potential of these compounds was investigated using the DPPH and ABTS assays, as well as the FRAP test. The obtained results reveal that even at very low concentrations, these compounds show excellent radical scavenging potential. The IC₅₀ values for C-HB₁ and C-HB₂ in relation to the DPPH radical are 6.4 and 2.5 μM, respectively, while they are 4.5 and 2.0 μM in relation to the ABTS radical. These compounds have antioxidant activity that is comparable to well-known antioxidants such as gallic acid, NDGA, and trolox. These results are in good correlation with theoretical parameters describing these reactions. Moreover, it was found that inhibition of DPPH^● follows HAT, while inactivation of ABTS^+● follows SET-PT and HAT mechanisms. Additionally, coumarin–hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives induced moderate cytotoxic activity and show significant potential to modulate redox status in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells. The cytotoxicity was achieved via their prooxidative activity and ability to induce oxidative stress in cancer cells by increasing O₂˙⁻ concentrations, indicated by increased MDA and GSH levels. Thus, ROS manipulation can be a potential target for cancer therapies by coumarins, as cancer cells possess an altered redox balance in comparison to normal cells. According to the ADMET analysis, the compounds investigated show good pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles similar to vitamin C and gallic acid, which makes them good candidates for application in various fields of industry and medicine.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) shape and its morphometric characteristics on expected teeth movement by assessing the distance to maxillary central incisors (MCIs) according to NPC type. The retrospective study was performed on 133 CBCT images. The following parameters were obtained: the antero-posterior diameter (A-P) of the nasal foramen (NF), canal length, A-P and mediolateral diameter (M-L) of the incisive foramen (IF), and the distance between NPC and MCIs. With the exception of being hourglass-shaped, each NPC shape showed specific impacts of NPC shape on the relationship between NPC diameters at different sections and distances to MCIs. In banana-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for A-P NF diameter, while in cylindrical-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for NPC length. The increase in M-L IF, A-P IF, A-P NF, and NPC length in funnel-shaped NPC may be a risk factor for interventions that could result in teeth movement. According to the results, it seems that the proposed methodological approach for analysis of CBCT slices in the anterior maxilla may offer detailed information that could be an additional tool in planning the procedures that result in expected teeth movement.

Coumarins represent a broad class of compounds with pronounced pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. The pursuit of the commercialization of these compounds requires the establishment of controlled and highly efficient degradation processes, such as advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). Application of this methodology necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the degradation mechanisms of these compounds. For this reason, possible reaction routes between HO^• and recently synthesized aminophenol 4,7-dihydroxycoumarin derivatives, as model systems, were examined using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and a quantum mechanical approach (a QM-ORSA methodology) based on density functional theory (DFT). The EPR results indicated that all compounds had significantly reduced amounts of HO^• radicals present in the reaction system under physiological conditions. The kinetic DFT study showed that all investigated compounds reacted with HO^• via HAT/PCET and SPLET mechanisms. The estimated overall rate constants (k_overall) correlated with the EPR results satisfactorily. Unlike HO^• radicals, the newly formed radicals did not show (or showed negligible) activity towards biomolecule models representing biological targets. Inactivation of the formed radical species through the synergistic action of O₂/NO_x or the subsequent reaction with HO^• was thermodynamically favored. The ecotoxicity assessment of the starting compounds and oxidation products, formed in multistage reactions with O₂/NO_x and HO^•, indicated that the formed products showed lower acute and chronic toxicity effects on aquatic organisms than the starting compounds, which is a prerequisite for the application of AOPs procedures in the degradation of compounds.

The prevalence of depression among women with breast cancer (BC) is extremely variable in research studies. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of depressive disorder in women suffering from BC as well as to examine its relationship with clinical–pathological and immunophenotypic characteristics of BC. The study included 194 patients with BC who were diagnosed with the disease between 2009 and 2015 in the Clinical Center Kragujevac, Serbia. Pathohistological and immunohistochemical analyses was used on the material obtained after the surgical removal of breast tumors, determining all significant clinical and morphological parameters. The level of depression among the examinees confirmed that the differences in the level of depression between the histological grades were statistically significant. According to the univariate binary logistic regression, the depression of a patient correlates with the category of molecular tumor subtype/Luminal A (p < 0.0005), PR expression (p = 0.050) and lymphatic invasion (p = 0.025). Multivariate binary logistic regression showed that the onset of depression associated with the present molecular subtype of the tumor of a worse prognostic character (p = 0.019). Depression is a common disorder in women with breast cancer. The level of depression is correlates with some of the clinicоmorphological and immunophenotypic characteristics of BC.