Accurate identification of the influencing factors and the mechanisms of the willingness-behavior paradox in rural residents in waste separation is conducive to stimulating rural residents to participate in rural environmental governance, which is important for solving the willingness-behavior paradox problem. By using CLES data, we analyzed the factors influencing rural residents’ willingness to separate garbage and behavioral paradoxes using the combined LOGIT-ISM-MICMAC model. The results of the study showed that (1) the regression results showed that eight factors, including publicity means, reward and punishment means, policy effect perception, villagers’ environmental protection behavior perception, gender, age, socio-economic status, and ecological livability status, affect the paradox of villagers’ willingness to separate garbage and behavior; (2) the results of the ISM model show that there are four main transmission paths, and the commonality lies in the common transmission paths of “policy publicity effect factor, villagers’ perception of environmental protection behavior, village ecological habitability, and deviation of willingness and behavior”; (3) the results of MICMAC model show that we should focus on strengthening the ecological habitat of villages, ensuring the effectiveness of policy promotion, and encouraging villagers’ environmental protection behavior to reduce the deviation of rural residents’ behavior and intention.

The sustainable development of mycorrhizal industry is the key to solve the problem of "mycorrhizal forestry contradiction". As a major province of edible mushroom production and forestry resources in China, Fujian Province is also an important origin of mycorrhizal technology research and development, so it is more typical and practical to establish an index system to evaluate the sustainability of mycorrhizal industry development in Fujian Province. Through research interviews and data collection, a sustainable capacity evaluation system of mycorrhizal industry was established with 21 indicators in six dimensions: economic, ecological, social, cultural, political, and technological. A combination of CRITIC empowerment method and cloud model was used to evaluate the sustainability of mycorrhizal industry development in Fujian Province. The results show that although the economic sustainability of the mycorrhizal industry in Fujian Province is average, the overall development trend is good and there are not too many problems. The sustainability of ecological, social and technological levels all have large differences in the development of indicators and the overall development status is average, but overall, the ecological, social and technological levels show a steady forward development from 2017 to 2020. The cultural and political dimensions of sustainability not only have large differences in the development of indicators and an average overall development status, but also have a small development span from 2017 to 2020 and a slow overall development.

Different symbiotic scenarios were designed and combined with oyster shell pollution management cases in two different counties (labeled A and H in this study) using symbiosis theory and a game simulation model to investigate the conditions for realizing multiparty symbiosis in oyster shell pollution management. The results show that the primary condition for achieving a virtuous cycle of tripartite governance is active governance by the government. To realize such tripartite governance, it is necessary to reduce the cost of government regulation and change the government's concept and value orientation; to reduce the cost of social capital contracted for participation in governance to improve the sustainability of social capital in the case of governance participation; and the villagers' public, as the destroyer of the environment and the beneficiary of governance, should change their traditional concept of governance. Changing the traditional concept of the villagers would improve the benefits that the villagers can obtain by participating in governance, and this should be supplemented with corresponding reward and punishment mechanisms to increase the cost of the villagers' choice not to participate. If the conditions listed above are met, the system will enter a virtuous cycle of tripartite governance. Based on this, we hope to seek a sustainable and replicable oyster shell pollution management path through the experiences of oyster shell pollution management in both A County and H County, so that we can better promote the rural revitalization strategy and realize the construction of a beautiful China.