Background/Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of the most commonly used swallowing manoeuvres, exercises, and postural strategies as standalone interventions in the behavioural management of oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults. Methods: Systematic searches of two electronic databases, Embase and PubMed, were conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify studies with comparison groups, including (pseudo) randomised controlled trials, comparative studies with concurrent controls, and within-subject or crossover study designs. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the standard quality assessment tool (QualSyst). Results: Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria, evaluating the effects of chin tuck, effortful swallow, the Mendelsohn manoeuvre, the modified jaw opening exercise, the volitional laryngeal vestibule closure manoeuvre, and the Shaker exercise. Most studies reported positive treatment outcomes, supporting the benefits of both compensatory and rehabilitative interventions across diverse populations, mainly derived from mixed groups and individuals post stroke. However, due to the limited number and significant heterogeneity of studies, a meta-analysis was only performed for the chin tuck, which showed a moderate positive effect. Overall, the evidence is preliminary and should be interpreted with caution. Conclusions: While current findings support the benefits of standalone behavioural interventions in oropharyngeal dysphagia, future research should focus on high-quality study designs with larger populations. Such studies need to consider variability in patient characteristics, intervention protocols, and outcome measures, with the use of advanced statistical methods enabling more definitive conclusions about the effectiveness of these interventions.

Introduction: The objective of the study was the language adaptation and verification of psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the EAT10^® questionnaire. Methods: The original English version of the questionnaire was translated into the Slovak language. The research group included 136 control participants and 51 dysphagic patients. Test–retest reliability, item analysis, internal consistency, construct and clinical validity, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed to verify the psychometric properties of the Slovak EAT10^®. Results: The internal consistency assessed with Cronbach’s alpha is excellent (α = 0.94). Statistical analysis of the Slovak version of EAT10^® showed excellent reliability (0.91, p < 0.001) in the test–retest. Through item-to-total correlation, we found out that all items significantly correlated with the overall score in EAT10^®. Factor analysis proved a high construct validity. The EAT10^® questionnaire was able to reveal a latent variable: a swallowing disorder, which was affecting a group of patients. The clinical validity results confirmed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the control and dysphagic groups (z = −10.30; p < 0.001). By dividing the dysphagic group into four subgroups (Head and Neck Cancer, Extraesophageal Reflux, Iatrogenic, and Neurological) there were nonsignificant differences in the mean scores of the subgroups. The cut-off value for the Slovak EAT10^® is three points. Conclusion: The Slovak EAT10^® is a valid and reliable tool designed for the subjective assessment of oropharyngeal dysphagia in patients.

The aim of this study was to identify relationships in children between responses to specific questions of interest in a clinical questionnaire concerning swallowing-related difficulties and pathological signs on a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS). A prospective data analysis was made of children evaluated with swallowing disorder between January 2018 and April 2021 at a tertiary care centre. Each child enrolled in the study underwent a subjective evaluation (targeted questions) and instrumental examination (VFSS). In total, 51 children suffering from swallowing problems (32 with a neurological disorder and 19 without neurological disorder) were included into the study. Our results showed there was a correlation between the occurrence of specific symptoms (wet voice, wet breathing, recurrent respiratory infections, chronic mucus) and other pathological signs on a VFSS (laryngeal penetration, residua, nasal regurgitation). The evaluation of these specific questions is a reliable and useful method for the management of dysphagia in neonates and infants. It can help us in selecting those patients for which it is appropriate to perform a VFSS.

Myastenia gravis je autoimunitn? ochorenie, ktor? vznik? naru?en?m neuromuskul?rnej transmisie z d?vodu tvorby protil?tok proti acetylchol?nov?m receptorom nach?dzaj?cim sa na nervosvalovej platni?ke. Symptomatol?gia ochorenia je variabiln?, z... Myastenia gravis je autoimunitn? ochorenie, ktor? vznik? naru?en?m neuromuskul?rnej transmisie z d?vodu tvorby protil?tok proti acetylchol?nov?m receptorom nach?dzaj?cim sa na nervosvalovej platni?ke. Symptomatol?gia ochorenia je variabiln?, z...