Postmenopausal women have a high prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases and that may associate with higher oxidative stress. Exercise can contribute to the treatment of such diseases, but some modalities, such as Mat Pilates, need to be further studied in terms of their physiological responses. Our aim was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of Mat Pilates on redox status in postmenopausal women with one or multiple comorbidities of cardiometabolic diseases. Forty-four postmenopausal women were divided into two groups: SINGLE, composed of women with one cardiometabolic disease (n = 20) and MULT, with multimorbidity (n = 24). Mat Pilates training was conducted three times a week for 12 weeks, and each session lasted 50 min. Plasma samples were collected before and after training to analyze the following redox markers: superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidant capacity due to ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reduced glutathione (GSH), uric acid, and carbonyl protein. ANCOVA showed interaction effects in FRAP (p = 0.014). Both groups had reduced levels of catalase (p = 0.240) and GSH (p = 0.309), and increased levels of carbonyl protein (p = 0.053) after intervention. In conclusion, the redox status of postmenopausal women shows no changes mediated by Mat Pilates training between SINGLE and MULT, except for greater reductions of FRAP in SINGLE.

This study compared the effects of Mat Pilates training on cardiovascular risk markers in postmenopausal women with single or multiple cardiometabolic conditions. Forty-four women were divided into single-condition (SINGLE; n = 20) and multiple-condition (MULTI; n = 24) groups. Both groups completed Mat Pilates three times per week for 12 weeks. Measurements of resting blood pressure, body composition, dietary intake, and blood markers were taken before and after the intervention. A Generalized Estimating Equation was used for hypothesis testing. MULTI presented higher body mass, BMI, fat mass, and waist circumference. Systolic blood pressure decreased more in SINGLE (−13 ± 15 mmHg) than in MULTI (−3 ± 16 mmHg, p interaction = 0.016 with diastolic reductions in both groups (SINGLE: −9 ± 12 mmHg; MULTI: −2 ± 11 mmHg, p interaction = 0.053). Triglycerides decreased only in SINGLE (−40 ± 98 mg/dL vs. +31 ± 70 mg/dL in MULTI, p interaction = 0.006), while no significant changes were observed in cholesterol levels. Adiponectin levels decreased in both groups (SINGLE: −1.5 ± 16.3; MULTI: −9.3 ± 12.4 vs. µg/dL, p time = 0.015). Glycated hemoglobin levels decreased over time in both groups (−0.3 ± 0.5% in SINGLE, −0.5 ± 0.6% in MULTI, p time < 0.001), with no significant changes in blood glucose. These findings suggest that Mat Pilates may be more effective in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors in women with a single condition compared to those with multiple conditions.

Although the relationship between risk factors and disease patterns still remains poorly understood, arterial hypertension in climacteric women is a substantial risk factor for multimorbidity. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 1003 women aged ≥40 years attending Brazilian Basic Health Units to assess multimorbidity (≥2 chronic conditions) and its patterns (cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal, and neuropsychological). An adjusted logistic regression revealed that postmenopausal status (OR: 2.17; 95% CI: 1.05–4.48) and an age of ≥70 years (OR: 2.85; 95% CI: 1.16–6.99) were key risk factors for multimorbidity. Notably, 86% of hypertensive women had multimorbidity, most frequently dyslipidemia (50%), type 2 diabetes (37%), and thyroid disorders (18%). The cardiometabolic pattern (86% prevalence) was strongly associated with hypertension, especially among women aged ≥50 years (OR: 2.10; 95% CI: 1.10–3.98) and those with obesity grade I+ (OR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.36–3.89). Musculoskeletal disorders were associated with postmenopausal status (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.05–5.51) and obesity (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.08–3.43), while neuropsychological diseases showed no significant associations. These findings highlight that hypertensive climacteric women—especially postmenopausal, older, or those with obesity—face elevated risks of cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal multimorbidity, underscoring the need for targeted preventive strategies in this population.

Cardiometabolic multimorbidity is highly prevalent among postmenopausal women and is associated with adverse metabolic outcomes and a greater burden of climacteric symptoms. This secondary analysis of a quasi-experimental controlled clinical trial investigated the effects of a 12-week aerobic training program on climacteric symptoms, menopause-related quality of life, body composition, and cardiometabolic biomarkers in postmenopausal women with and without cardiometabolic multimorbidity. Forty-one postmenopausal women (50–70 years) were allocated to a single-cardiometabolic-condition group (SINGLE, n = 18) or a multimorbidity group (MULTI, n = 23) and completed supervised walking/jogging aerobic exercise three times per week at 65–75% of heart rate reserve. Climacteric symptoms, quality of life, anthropometric measures, body composition, and biochemical markers were assessed before and after the intervention. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) with Bonferroni post hoc adjustment were used to compare group, time and group*time interactions with alpha of 5%. Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for the Menopause Rating Scale total score and psychological symptoms, as well as for the Cervantes Scale total score, indicating greater improvements among women with multimorbidity. The MULTI group demonstrated significant reductions in overall menopausal symptoms, psychological symptoms, and menopause-related quality of life scores following training. Body weight, triglycerides, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol also decreased significantly only in the MULTI group, whereas several body composition parameters improved over time regardless of cardiometabolic burden. These findings indicate that aerobic training may be associated with improvements in menopausal symptoms, quality of life, body composition, and selected cardiometabolic markers in postmenopausal women, with some outcomes showing greater changes among women with cardiometabolic multimorbidity.