Previous studies have shown that some negative emotions hinder estimation strategy execution. However, these studies rarely investigate the influence of negative emotions on the estimation strategy execution in individuals with trait anxiety. The present study examines the relationship between negative emotions and trait anxiety in individuals’ estimation strategy execution. Moreover, it looks into the influence of different emotion regulation strategies on their estimation strategy execution. In October 2010, 803 college students were evaluated using the Trait Anxiety Scale. From these participants, individuals with high and low trait anxiety were selected to complete the double-digit multiplication estimation task. The results showed that the estimation strategy’s execution speed in individuals with high trait anxiety was slower than those with low trait anxiety under negative emotions (t (113) = −2.269, p = 0.025, d = 0.427). Both expression inhibition and cognitive reappraisal could significantly improve the execution speed of the estimation strategy in low trait anxiety (p < 0.001). For individuals with high trait anxiety, cognitive reappraisal regulating negative emotions can promote the estimation strategy’s execution speed (p = 0.031). However, the use of expression inhibition has no significant effect on estimation strategy execution (p = 0.101). In summary, the present study revealed that different emotion regulation strategies moderated the arithmetic strategy execution of individuals with trait anxiety, and cognitive reappraisal had a better effect in individuals with high trait anxiety.

Objectives: In order to explore the influence mechanism of family environment on the prosocial behavior tendency of college students and the chain mediating role of empathy and moral sensitivity in this relationship. Methods: A survey was conducted on 451 college students using the Family Adaptability and Cohesion scales, the Dispositional Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, the Prosocial Tendencies Measure and the Chinese Version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-C. Results: The results showed that empathy and moral sensitivity significantly mediate the effect of family environment on college students’ prosocial behavior tendency. This is manifested in three mediation paths: the mediating role of empathy (with 28.57% of the mediating effect), the mediating role of moral sensitivity (with 61.90% of the mediating effect), and the chain mediating role of empathy and moral sensitivity (with 9.53% of the mediating effect). Conclusions: The study reveals the mechanism by which family environment affects college students’ prosocial behavior, which provides some theoretical guidance and practical inspiration for cultivating college students’ prosocial behavior.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the creative cognitive reappraisal on the estimation strategies execution in college students with trait anxiety. Methods: Using the Trait Anxiety Scale, 47 participants with high (HTA) and low trait anxiety (LTA) were selected from a total of 803 college students. These participants then completed a two-digit multiplication estimation task after using cognitive reappraisal to regulate negative emotions. Results: The results showed that for individuals with low trait anxiety, both standard cognitive reappraisal and creative cognitive reappraisal effectively improved their negative emotional experiences, with creative cognitive reappraisal demonstrating a superior regulatory effect. For individuals with high trait anxiety, creative cognitive reappraisal was effective in regulating negative emotions, whereas the effect of standard cognitive reappraisal on emotion regulation was not significant. Conclusions: Both standard cognitive reappraisal and creative cognitive reappraisal can enhance the speed of estimation strategy execution in college students with trait anxiety after regulating negative emotions, with creative cognitive reappraisal showing a more pronounced facilitative effect.

Based on the Compensatory Internet Use Model and the I-PACE framework, the present study develops a serial mediation model grounded in a cognition-emotion-behavior pathway. Specifically, this study examined whether difficulties in emotion regulation and problematic social media use were associated with the relationship between rumination and subjective well-being among a sample of vocational college students within the context of increasingly digitalized everyday life. A survey was conducted among 402 vocational college students using the Ruminative Responses Scale, the Brief the Version of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, the Problematic Social Media Use Questionnaire, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. Rumination was positively associated with difficulties in emotion regulation and problematic social media use, whereas subjective well-being was negatively associated with all three variables. Difficulties in emotion regulation were also positively correlated with problematic social media use. Mediation analyses identified three significant indirect pathways: the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation, accounting for 35.49% of the total effect; the mediating role of problematic social media use, accounting for 22.35%; and the serial mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation and problematic social media use, accounting for 12.16%. The findings suggest that difficulties in emotion regulation and problematic social media use are associated with the relationship between rumination and subjective well-being among the sampled vocational college students. These findings may provide preliminary implications for interventions targeting emotion regulation and problematic social media use among vocational college students.

The bond between parents and children forms the basis of children socioemotional development, but the predictability of the relationship between parental styles and attachment at various levels of education is not well understood. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the way the parenting style can predict parent-child attachment during primary school to university and find out stage-specific trends. All the 3,012 Chinese students filled the Simplified Parenting Style Questionnaire and the Parent-Child Attachment Scale. The structural equation modeling technique was used to test the path relationships; Random Forest: Random Forest is an ensemble Machine Learning Algorithm that constructs several Decision Trees, and averages out the predictions in every tree for calculating the predictive performances as well as the variable importances. It was revealed that emotional warmth has been linked to positive attachment results throughout all the stages. The Total Attachment Prediction Random Forest model was 0.311 with emotional warmth being the most important feature of 0.596. Trust as one of the attachment factors turned out to be the most predictable with an R²equal to 0.589. Stage-wise analysis showed that junior high school had the highest rate of prediction accuracy, whereas R² had the highest value of 0.390 and university had the lowest, which was 0.259. These findings underline the central role of emotional warmth in the attachment development and provide a practical guideline when creating intervention programs on the basis of the specific stage of the family.