Stunting remains a public health concern in developing countries. Factors related to stunting have been categorized using various frameworks. Family plays an important role in providing nutrients for children; however, no review specifies this aspect for identifying family characteristics related to stunting. This study aimed to identify family household characteristics related to stunting among children aged less than 5 years. A scoping review was undertaken with sources from PubMed, CINAHL, and Scopus, using the keywords “family characteristics” AND “growth”. Inclusion criteria were (1) correlational study; (2) published between 2018 and 31 July 2022; (3) families with children under the age of 5 years; and (4) independent variable any measure of stunting factors from family and household factors. Of 376 articles, only 20 met the inclusion criteria of the study. The family household characteristics included individual factors (sex age, history of diarrhea, and birthplace), family factors (family headship, primary caregiver/mother, social-cultural orientation, and family system factors), and environmental factors. Various child variables, family factors, and environmental factors (the type of home, floor type, water access, source of drinking water, and household electricity) were identified as being associated with stunting. Therefore, these factors should be evaluated to prevent and control stunting, and they should be incorporated into health programs targeting stunting.

Purpose: While hypertension with accompanying complications remains a life-threatening illness, a critical program in its management and prevention is implementing self-care behaviors (SCBs). This study examined the factors associated with SCB that are dominant in hypertension patients with complications. Materials and Methods: This quantitative study was conducted using the regression analytic method and a cross-sectional approach. The non-probability sampling technique was used, and the response rate was 96.2%. Data were collected using a modified hypertension self-care profile (HBP-SCP) questionnaire, hypertension knowledge questionnaire, family support questionnaire, and the brief-illness perception questionnaire (B-IPQ). Results: The mean total SCB score was high at 55.9% with a mean of 191.01, SD = 5.16; 77.5% of the respondents had no disease history, 80.4% had good knowledge, 58.8% had strong family support, and 50% had a good perception of the disease. Factors that were significantly related to SCB were family support (p = 0.00, r = 0.75) and illness perception (p = 0.00, r = 0.77), while disease history (r = 0.47) and knowledge were not significantly related (r = 0.13). Moreover, the analysis of multiple linear regression with the backward method showed that the most dominant factor influencing SCB was illness perception (p = 0.00, = 0.47, B = 0.495, R2 = 0.650). The effect of illness perception on SCB (65%) meant that each 0.50 perception score increased the SCB score by one. Conclusion: It is recommended that health workers increase patient perception using innovative interventions to improve the SCB of hypertension patients with complications.

Introduction: It is widely acknowledged that the socioeconomic circumstances of a family income are correctly reflected in that family expenditures. The dietary habits of families are influenced by socioeconomic circumstances that may affect stunting. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the household economic predictor stunting (mother’s employment, family income, and family expenditure) in children under five. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Six districts and cities have been chosen as study areas based on the areas with the highest incidence of stunting in West Java, Indonesia. This study conducted specifically from October to December 2018. Data were examined using descriptive statistics (frequency distribution) and a Spearman Rank bivariate test. A logistic regression was employed to determine the elements that serve as predictors of stunting. Results: A total of 731 women with children under five participated in the study. A bivariate analysis showed that mother’s employment had an association with stunting among children under five (p = 0.014). Meanwhile, family income and expenditure are not statistically significant associated with stunting (p > 0.05). A multivariate analysis showed that mother’s employment was a stunting predictor with odd ratio (OR) 1.810 (p = 0.017). The OR value means that mothers who do not work have a 1.810 chance for their children to experience stunting compared with mothers who have work. However, family income and expenditure have negative projected values (p = 0.580 and p = 0.398, respectively). Conclusion: Children under five who are stunted are potentially predictive with mothers’ employment, with a chance is higher in mother who do not work. However, family income and expenditure are not predictive of stunting.

Background: A variety of factors influenced the decision of tuberculosis (TB) drug-resistant patients to continue treatment. The study aimed to analyze factors that influence complying with anti-TB medications in patients with TB drug resistance in Indonesia. Patients and Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional approach and was conducted in various community health centers and polyclinics offering TB drug-resistant services in Bandung city, Indonesia. Participants were 79 patients with TB drug resistance who met the criteria during their treatment for TB drug resistance, were willing to be involved in the research, and accessed TB services in Bandung. Complying with anti-TB medications scale, TB Health Behaviors questionnaire, the family support questionnaire, the TB-Related Stigma Scale, and TB knowledge were used in this study. Data were analyzed using Spearman’s Rho. Results: Health behavior (r = 0.36) was positively associated with complying with anti-TB medications, while family support, TB stigma, and knowledge were not related to treatment compliance. Conclusion: Information on these factors will inform the development of models and modules for the prevention and control of TB drug resistance in Indonesia, which can later be used widely in Indonesia.

Background: Mother’s education is a key demographic in determining a healthy child. Education is important and may indirectly affect how well children eat by changing parents' attitudes and practices. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the association between maternal education and parenting practice with stunting among children under five. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study of mothers with children under five in Indonesia, specifically conducted in six rural areas in West Java province. This study employs bivariate analysis with Spearman and binary logistic regression. Results: Among 733 children under five, we found that 24.01% of these children were stunted. The mother's educational background, stunting knowledge, and parenting practice showed no significant change (p > 0.5). Moreover, the binary logistic linear analysis showed that education levels, knowledge about stunting, and mothers' behaviour toward parenting practices are not significantly related to stunting (p > .05). Conclusion: Maternal education and parenting practice is not a determinant of stunting in children under five in West Java, Indonesia, and this contradicts earlier studies. However, further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore the complex interplay of social, cultural, and economic factors that contribute to stunting in this population. Such research could inform the development of targeted interventions to improve child health outcomes in this and similar settings.

Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit menular dengan angka kesakitan dan kematian yang tinggi di Indonesia. Banyak kasus TB tidak terdiagnosa dan tidak dilaporkan. Penyakit TB juga sering telat terdiagnosa dan diobati walau orang-orang dengan suspek TB teridentifikasi. Oleh karena itu, perlu melibatkan kader kesehatan sebagai bagian dari masyarakat dalam pengendalian TB melalui pemberian pendidikan kesehatan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang TB. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk mengimplementasikan pendidikan kesehatan berbasis masyarakat untuk meningkatan pengetahuan TB sebagai upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian TB di Kabupaten Karawang. Peserta kegiatan ini berjumlah 48 orang. Hasil kegiatan ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahuan TB dan pengetahuan penularan TB. Pengetahuan kader kesehatan yang baik diharapkan dapat membantu memberikan edukasi kesehatan masyarakat tentang TB. Pemberdayaan kader kesehatan dalam membantu pengendalian dan pencegahan TB dapat terus dilanjutkan dengan evaluasi berkala. Kata kunci: Kader kesehatan, pendidikan kesehatan, pengetahuan, tuberkulosis.