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This paper reviews the work in the areas of robust control strategies for power system frequency regulation in islanded microgrids. One study delves into the challenges of accurate power sharing and voltage regulation in multi-feeder microgrid systems. It introduces an enhanced resilient control strategy that views the regulation and power balancing as a quadratic optimization problem. This strategy employs an impedance estimator and an optimal controller, focusing on voltage magnitude information transfer at each inverter’s controller. The approach is designed to be computationally efficient, especially for micro-networks with a large number of load feeders. Another area of focus is the development of a generalized central power management system and a decentralized, robust control strategy for autonomous operation of microgrids with multiple distributed energy resource (DER) units. These DER units, categorized into voltage-controlled and power-controlled units, operate based on independent internal oscillators synchronized by a GPS-based timereference signal. The power management system sets power and voltage points for each DER unit’s local controllers. A robust decentralized control system ensures fast tracking, zero steady-state error, and resilience against microgrid uncertainties. The performance of these strategies is validated through various simulation platforms and hardware-in-the-loop studies.

In this study we discussed Challenges and Constraints of WSN and different types of attack in the Wireless Sensor Node (WSN) networks. WSN is an ad-hoc low-cost and low-power wireless network in which sensor nodes work together to track and collect data from their surroundings before broadcasting it to other nodes. WSN’s sensing and ubiquitous computational capabilities opened up a slew of new uses, expanding research opportunities. WSN has been used in a variety of settings, should include military, land, hygiene, and inventory management. Although energy is a significant factor for sensor nodes, a new form of attack has been identified that destroys the networks by draining the sensor network’s battery life. This kind of power draining attack is referred to as a “Vampire attack”, and it is not exclusive to any routing protocol. This study examines several strategies for detecting and mitigating this attack, which increases network energy usage, as well as principles for limiting the harm caused by vampires.