Background: Chemotherapy often results in dermatologic toxicities, which decrease quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients. These adverse skin reactions sometimes happen simultaneously. Though previous reports have demonstrated that skin reactions influence QOL, those reports were focused on only one kind of skin toxicity or on the most serious skin toxicity. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the contribution of each skin toxicity to QOL.

Background: Vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are being promoted worldwide. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between adverse reactions and the profile of vaccinated recipients. Methods: Vaccinated subjects who received two doses of BNT162b2 between May 17 and June 11, 2021, at Osaka University Dental Hospital were included in this study. Adverse reactions and profiles were collected by questionnaires, and the relationship between the presence of adverse reactions and the profiles of the vaccinated persons was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. The correlation between the severity of adverse reactions and age was analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: Logistic regression analysis showed that, for many kinds of adverse reactions, the incidence was significantly higher in females than in males and in younger than in older people. There was a very weak but significant negative correlation between age and the severity of many kinds of adverse reactions. The relationship between sex and the incidence of each adverse reaction was significant for injection site reactions and fatigue in the first vaccination, whereas significant relationships were found for fatigue, chills, fever, arthralgia, myalgia and headache in the second vaccination, all of which were clearly more likely to occur in females. Conclusion: Adverse reactions to BNT162b2 were found to be more frequent and more intense in females and younger people in Japan, especially after the second vaccination.

Background: In Japan, the multidisciplinary team approach in cancer chemotherapy has become quite widespread. However, patients treated with oral anticancer drugs in outpatient clinics usually receive short medical examinations from doctors without any intervention of pharmacists. To improve this medical circumstance, we made a skin disorder manual for community pharmacists and evaluated its feasibility. Methods: Patients who underwent oral skin toxic chemotherapy from May 1, 2017, to October 31, 2017, were enrolled. The severity of skin toxicities was evaluated based on NCI-CTCAE ver4.0. Skin care and skin disorders were assessed by community pharmacists based on the assessment document arranged by the investigator. Numbers of patients who replied to the assessment, numbers of replies, numbers of assessments and instructions for skin care, and numbers of prescription proposals were evaluated to assess the value of intervention of community pharmacists. Results: Sixty-two patients were enrolled in this study. Community pharmacy responded to 55 patients (88.7%), for a total of 335 replies. The data described in the replies were as follows: 317 assessments of skin disorders (94.6%), 307 assessments of skin care (91.6%), 248 instructions for skin care (74%), and 19 prescription proposals (5.7%). Conclusions: Community pharmacists have high motivation for prevention and early detection of skin disorders. Although the number of prescription proposals is small, some proposals have contributed to improving side effects. Collaboration of hospital pharmacists and community pharmacists is important for prevention, early detection, and treatment of skin disorders caused by oral anticancer drugs.

Background: This study compared the adverse events (AEs) of the second and third doses of BNT162b2, as well as investigated the impact of vaccine recipients’ background and vaccination interval on the AEs of the third dose. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey of AEs among health care workers at Osaka University Dental Hospital. Chi-square tests were performed to compare AEs to the administration of second and third vaccine doses. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors influencing the presence of AEs using age, sex, comorbidities, and the vaccination interval. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was calculated to investigate the correlation between age, vaccination interval, and severity of each AE. Results: The third dose of BNT162b2 was associated with significantly more frequent or milder AEs than the second dose. Logistic regression analyses detected significant differences in six items of AEs by age, three by sex, two by comorbidities, and zero by vaccination interval. Consistently, the risk of AEs was greater among younger persons, females, and those without comorbidities. Significant negative correlations were detected between age and vaccination interval, and between age and the severity of most AEs. Conclusions: Young, female, and having no comorbidities are risk factors for AEs after the third dose of BNT162b2, while vaccination interval is not.

Background: The late effects on childhood cancer survivors have long been recognized, but detailed studies remain limited. The current study aimed to clarify the association between childhood cancer treatment and the incidence of late effects on gonadal or growth function in Japan.Methods: The retrospective study included medical records of patients with childhood cancer aged up to 15 years at diagnosis, who were treated with anticancer drugs at Osaka University Hospital from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2019, and who survived at least 5 years after diagnosis. The patients' clinical background, treatment details, and anticancer drugs used were investigated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between childhood cancer treatment and late effects on gonadal or growth function.Results: Of the 191 eligible patients, 83 (43.5%) developed gonadal dysfunction and 38 (19.9%) developed growth dysfunction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed statistically significant associations of gonadal dysfunction with female sex (odds ratio [OR], 4.79; p < 0.01), autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto‐HSCT) (OR, 9.97; p < 0.01), allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) (OR, 9.48; p < 0.01), and platinum use (OR, 4.49; p = 0.037), and of growth dysfunction with auto‐HSCT (OR, 5.16; p < 0.01).Conclusion: Female sex, allo‐HSCT, and use of platinum are possibly associated with an increased risk of late effects on gonadal function, while auto‐HSCT may pose a risk for late effects on both gonadal and growth functions. These findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the dataset and warrant further investigation to validate these associations.