Purpose: – This study aims to propose a set of metrics in order to assess reactivity, dialogic communication and stakeholder engagement (popularity, commitment and virality): stakeholders' mood and social legitimacy on corporate Facebook pages. These metrics can offer a better understanding and measurability of this social media/social network/online communication management tool.Design/methodology/approach: – Three theories (dialogic, stakeholders and legitimacy) were considered in the development of these metrics. Empirical evidence was collected from a sample of 314 European companies. Then ten active companies were used to validate the proposed metrics on Facebook.Findings: – The constructed set of metrics was found to be valid and efficiently usable according to the principles of the applied theories. Moreover all the proposed metrics could be adapted for such sites as Google+.Research limitations/implications: – Limitations can only be identified within the validation process as the metrics were only applied to ten representative companies from the Eurozone.Practical implications: – The proposed metrics will help users, marketing/PR/communication professionals and company managers to measure their and their competitors' popularity, commitment, virality (metrics which reflect stakeholder engagement), and the mood of stakeholders, and use content analysis in order to measure social legitimacy via CSR information disclosure on Facebook. Thus the online reputation of a company can be practically measured.Originality/value: – This paper is the first proposing metrics to assess stakeholder engagement and social legitimacy on a corporate Facebook page that can be used in both academic and professional circles to a gain a better understanding of corporate online communication via Facebook.

The objective of this article is to provide an initial assessment of Facebook use by Western European municipalities considering two aspects: citizens’ engagement and municipalities’ activity. Data on 75 local governments in 15 countries were collected and tested for both government use and citizens’ engagement. Findings show that the use of Facebook by Western European local governments has become commonplace. The audiences of the official Facebook pages are rather high, but citizen engagement in general is low. Activity levels by municipalities and engagement levels by citizens in general terms are not statistically related to municipality characteristics, Facebook page metrics, or the technological readiness of the population. It seems that channel activity is more a decision on the part of local governments than a consequence of citizen demand. This article proposes a methodology that can be used in future research to measure citizen engagement on social media (SM) platforms. Furthermore, this research highlights the importance that local governments attach to clearly establishing the main purpose of their SM accounts to avoid frustration on the part of citizens that can lead to distrust and reduce the chances that citizens will invest their resources, time, and knowledge in participation.

Information systems (IS) may not improve organizational and/or companies’ performance if they are not used by stakeholders. Understanding why people continue or discontinue use of IS is crucial in increasing users’ acceptance. This article aims to analyze what is needed to perpetuate use of Facebook as a social media channel. Factors such as confirmation, perceived usefulness, social influence, satisfaction and attitude were tested for their impact on continued use intention in relation to Facebook. The inter-relations between the aforementioned constructs are tested with empirical data collected from 732 European university students. We found that social influence essentially had no effect within the model, so it seems that intention to continue using Facebook is affected mainly by stakeholders’/users’ attitude toward using this platform. Although we based the research on the IS Continuance Model, this article has extended its dimensions by incorporating (1) social influence and (2) attitude, offering the first investigation of continued use intention in relation to Facebook by testing the inter-relations between the aforementioned factors.

The purpose of this systematic literature review is to provide the state of the art, trends and thematic features in the field of accounting and finances of football teams applying the PRISMA guidelines. Seventy-five studies published after the Bosman Act (1995) were included from the most relevant databases: WoS and Scopus. The lines of research included in the analysis were financial performance, sport performance and legislative performance. The synthesis of studies revealed that the scientific output has evolved over time and changes have been detected both on a sporting and scientific level with the introduction of the Financial Fair Play (2012), which is changing the business model of the football industry towards more efficient financial and accounting decision making, which might help the achievement of sporting objectives. Useful policy conclusions such as valuation of intangibles, influence of results on clubs' share prices and directions for future research on football finance are also included in the paper. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica sistemática es proporcionar el estado de la cuestión, las tendencias y las características temáticas en el campo de la contabilidad y las finanzas de los equipos de fútbol aplicando las directrices PRISMA. Se incluyeron 75 estudios publicados después de la Ley Bosman (1995) procedentes de las bases de datos más relevantes: WoS y Scopus. Las líneas de investigación incluidas en el análisis fueron el rendimiento financiero, el rendimiento deportivo y el rendimiento legislativo. La síntesis de los estudios reveló que la producción científica ha evolucionado con el tiempo y se han detectado cambios tanto a nivel deportivo como científico con la introducción del Fair Play Financiero (2012), que está cambiando el modelo de negocio de la industria del fútbol hacia una toma de decisiones financieras y contables más eficientes, lo que podría ayudar a la consecución de los objetivos deportivos. También se incluyen en el trabajo conclusiones útiles como la valoración de intangibles, la influencia de los resultados en el precio de las acciones de los clubes y orientaciones para futuras investigaciones sobre las finanzas del fútbol.