In plants, transcription factors (TFs) belonging to the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily regulate a variety of life processes, including germination, maturation, and stress response. In the present study, RcTINY2, a novel dehydration response element binding protein (DREB) belonging to the A-4 group, was identified and characterized in rose (Rosa chinensis). RcTINY2 shares high homology with AtTINY2 of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), with several abiotic stress-responsive cis-regulatory elements. Transcript levels of RcTINY2 were induced by exposure to abscisic acid (ABA) in rose leaves and repressed by exposure to ABA, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and NaCl in rose roots. RcTINY2 is localized in the nucleus and showed transcriptional activation in yeast cells. Further analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis demonstrated that plants overexpressing RcTINY2 displayed increased ABA, PEG, and NaCl sensitivity in both germinating seeds and seedlings with reduced root growth and lateral root number. RcTINY2-silenced rose plants were found to be increasingly intolerant of both drought and salt stress. Furthermore, the transcript levels of several ABA- and abiotic stress-related genes were suppressed in RcTINY2-silenced rose plants. The results suggested that RcTINY2 may serve as a candidate gene for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in rose and other plant species.