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B.K. Henry
Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia

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Journal article
Published: 12 October 2018 in Science of The Total Environment
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Textiles release fibres to the environment during production, use, and at end-of-life disposal. Approximately two-thirds of all textile items are now synthetic, dominated by petroleum-based organic polymers such as polyester, polyamide and acrylic. Plastic microfibres (<5 mm) and nanofibres (<100 nm) have been identified in ecosystems in all regions of the globe and have been estimated to comprise up to 35% of primary microplastics in marine environments, a major proportion of microplastics on coastal shorelines and to persist for decades in soils treated with sludge from waste water treatment plants. In this paper we present a critical review of factors affecting the release from fabrics of microfibres, and of the risks for impacts on ecological systems and potentially on human health. This review is used as a basis for exploring the potential to include a metric for microplastic pollution in tools that have been developed to quantify the environmental performance of apparel and home textiles. We conclude that the simple metric of mass or number of microfibres released combined with data on their persistence in the environment, could provide a useful interim mid-point indicator in sustainability assessment tools to support monitoring and mitigation strategies for microplastic pollution. Identified priority research areas include: (1) standardised analytical methods for textile microfibres and nanofibres; (2) Ecotoxicological studies using environmentally realistic concentrations; (3) Studies tracking the fate of microplastics in complex food webs; and (4) Refined indicators for microfibre impacts in apparel and home textile sustainability assessment tools.

ACS Style

Beverley Henry; Kirsi Laitala; Ingun Grimstad Klepp. Microfibres from apparel and home textiles: Prospects for including microplastics in environmental sustainability assessment. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 652, 483 -494.

AMA Style

Beverley Henry, Kirsi Laitala, Ingun Grimstad Klepp. Microfibres from apparel and home textiles: Prospects for including microplastics in environmental sustainability assessment. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 652 ():483-494.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beverley Henry; Kirsi Laitala; Ingun Grimstad Klepp. 2018. "Microfibres from apparel and home textiles: Prospects for including microplastics in environmental sustainability assessment." Science of The Total Environment 652, no. : 483-494.

Journal article
Published: 19 July 2018 in Sustainability
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Several tools have been developed to compare the environmental impact of textiles. The most widely used are Higg Materials Sustainability Index (MSI) and MADE-BY Fiber Benchmark. They use data from production to evaluate the environmental impacts of textiles differentiated by fiber type. The use phase is excluded from both tools. This article discusses whether there is evidence that the use of textiles differs systematically between different fiber types and examines the consequences of comparing the environmental impacts of clothing based on differences in production of fibers alone without including differences in their use. The empirical material in this paper is based on analysis of rating tools and a literature review on clothing use. It shows that fiber content contributes to the way consumers take care of and use their clothing. When use is omitted, major environmental problems associated with this stage, such as spread of microplastics, are also excluded. This one-sided focus on material production impacts also excludes the importance of product lifespans, quality, and functionality. The consequence is that short-lived disposable products are equated with durable products. Comparing dissimilar garments will not help consumers to make choices that will reduce the environmental burden of clothing. We need an informed discussion on how to use all materials in the most environmentally sustainable way possible.

ACS Style

Kirsi Laitala; Ingun Klepp; Beverley Henry. Does Use Matter? Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Clothing Based on Fiber Type. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2524 .

AMA Style

Kirsi Laitala, Ingun Klepp, Beverley Henry. Does Use Matter? Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Clothing Based on Fiber Type. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2524.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kirsi Laitala; Ingun Klepp; Beverley Henry. 2018. "Does Use Matter? Comparison of Environmental Impacts of Clothing Based on Fiber Type." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2524.

Review
Published: 01 January 2018 in Animal
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There is growing evidence on the extent to which projected changes in climate, including increases in atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, higher temperatures, changes in amount, seasonality and variability of precipitation and increases in extreme weather events, may affect future availability of ruminant animal products. Elements of climate change affect livestock systems through direct impacts on animal physiology, behaviour, production and welfare and indirectly through feed availability, composition and quality. These impacts may be positive or negative and will vary across geographical regions, animal species and with adaptive capacity. However, adverse impacts are likely to be greatest in tropical and sub-tropical regions including countries where both current need and future growth in demand for nutrition is greatest. The complexity of effects means that effective adaptation strategies to mitigate negative impacts on ruminant production systems to climate changes will need to be multi-dimensional. Although predictions of future climate, particularly on regional and local scales, have a degree of uncertainty, adaptation planning is starting to be informed by changes already being observed and adjustments in management being made by farmers to maintain productivity and profitability. Regional case studies illustrate the benefits and limitations of adaptive management: potential mitigation through heightened awareness of heat stress-related mortality in French cattle; evidence of a drop in milk production in south-eastern Australian dairies during a January 2014 heat wave, from the theoretical potential of 53% to only 10% across the state; and limitations in response options to climate-induced thermal, nutritional and water stress for sheep and goat farmers in northern Ethiopia. Review of research on climate change impacts on ruminant livestock and effective adaptation together with evidence of practical adaptive management provide insights into potential strategies and gaps in knowledge to address challenges and improve future decisions.

ACS Style

B. K. Henry; R. J. Eckard; K. A. Beauchemin. Review: Adaptation of ruminant livestock production systems to climate changes. Animal 2018, 12, s445 -s456.

AMA Style

B. K. Henry, R. J. Eckard, K. A. Beauchemin. Review: Adaptation of ruminant livestock production systems to climate changes. Animal. 2018; 12 ():s445-s456.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. K. Henry; R. J. Eckard; K. A. Beauchemin. 2018. "Review: Adaptation of ruminant livestock production systems to climate changes." Animal 12, no. : s445-s456.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2017 in The Rangeland Journal
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The study investigated the impact of historical and future climate changes on potential natural vegetation (PNV) types and net primary productivity (NPP) in Australia, using the Comprehensive and Sequential Classification System model and the Miami model coupled with climate of the 1931–70 and 1971–2010 periods and the projected climate in 2050. Twenty-eight vegetation classes were classified based on the key climate indicators with four of them being the major vegetation classes corresponding to Australian rangelands and accounting for 75% of total land area. There was a substantial shift in areas of vegetation classes from the 1931–70 period to the 1971–2010 period due to the increased rainfall over large areas across Australia. The modelling projected a range of changes in vegetation classes for 2050 depending on the climate-change scenario used. Many vegetation classes with more intense land use (e.g. steppe and forest) were projected to decrease in 2050, which may have significant impact on the grazing industry and biodiversity conservation. By 2050, NPP was projected to increase in central and northern Australia and to decrease in southern and eastern coastal areas and was projected to be higher on average than that of the 1931–70 period. The vegetation classes approximately corresponding to Australian rangelands mostly had increased NPP projections compared with the 1931–70 period. Although actual response will partially depend on human management activities, fire and extreme events, the projected increase in average NPP in 2050 indicates that Australian vegetation, particularly the rangeland vegetation, will likely be a net carbon sink rather than a carbon source by 2050, with the exception of a ‘warm-dry’ scenario.

ACS Style

Xiaoni Liu; Baisen Zhang; Beverley Henry; Jinglan Zhang; Peter Grace. Assessing the impact of historical and future climate change on potential natural vegetation types and net primary productivity in Australian grazing lands. The Rangeland Journal 2017, 39, 387 -400.

AMA Style

Xiaoni Liu, Baisen Zhang, Beverley Henry, Jinglan Zhang, Peter Grace. Assessing the impact of historical and future climate change on potential natural vegetation types and net primary productivity in Australian grazing lands. The Rangeland Journal. 2017; 39 (4):387-400.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaoni Liu; Baisen Zhang; Beverley Henry; Jinglan Zhang; Peter Grace. 2017. "Assessing the impact of historical and future climate change on potential natural vegetation types and net primary productivity in Australian grazing lands." The Rangeland Journal 39, no. 4: 387-400.

Journal article
Published: 17 February 2016 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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Australia is the largest supplier of fine apparel wool in the world, produced from diverse sheep production systems. To date, broad scale analyses of the environmental credentials of Australian wool have not used detailed farm-scale data, resulting in a knowledge gap regarding the performance of this product. This study is the first multiple impact life cycle assessment (LCA) investigation of three wool types, produced in three geographically defined regions of Australia: the high rainfall zone located in New South Wales (NSW HRZ) producing super-fine Merino wool, the Western Australian wheat-sheep zone (WA WSZ) producing fine Merino wool, and the southern pastoral zone (SA SPZ) of central South Australia, producing medium Merino wool. Inventory data were collected from both case study farms and regional datasets. Life cycle inventory and impact assessment methods were applied to determine resource use (energy and water use, and land occupation) and GHG emissions, including emissions and removal associated with land use (LU) and direct land use change (dLUC). Land occupation was divided into use of arable and non-arable land resources. A comparison of biophysical allocation and system expansion methods for handling co-production of greasy wool and live weight (for meat) was included. Based on the regional analysis results, GHG emissions (excluding LU and dLUC) were 20.1 ± 3.1 (WA WSZ, mean ± 2 S.D) to 21.3 ± 3.4 kg CO2-e/kg wool in the NSW HRZ, with no significant difference between regions or wool type. Accounting for LU and dLUC emissions and removals resulted in either very modest increases in emissions (0.3%) or reduced net emissions by 0–11% depending on pasture management and revegetation activities, though a higher degree of uncertainty was observed in these results. Fossil fuel energy demand ranged from 12.5 ± 4.1 in the SA SPZ to 22.5 ± 6.2 MJ/kg wool (WA WSZ) in response to differences in grazing intensity. Fresh water consumption ranged from 204.3 ± 59.1 in the NSW HRZ to 393.7 ± 123.8 L/kg wool in the WA WSZ, with differences primarily relating to climate. Stress-weighted water use ranged from 11.0 ± 3.0 (SA SPZ) to 74.6 ± 119.5 L H2O-e/kg wool (NSW HRZ) and followed an opposite trend to water consumption in response to the different levels of water stress across the regions. Non-arable grazing land was found to range from 55% to almost 100% of total land occupation. Different methods for handling co-production of greasy wool and live weight changed estimated total GHG emissions by a factor of three, highlighting the sensitivity to this methodological choice and the significance of meat production in the wool supply chain. The results presented improve the understanding of environmental impacts and resource use in these wool production regions as a basis for more detailed full supply chain analysis.

ACS Style

S.G. Wiedemann; M.-J. Yan; B.K. Henry; C.M. Murphy. Resource use and greenhouse gas emissions from three wool production regions in Australia. Journal of Cleaner Production 2016, 122, 121 -132.

AMA Style

S.G. Wiedemann, M.-J. Yan, B.K. Henry, C.M. Murphy. Resource use and greenhouse gas emissions from three wool production regions in Australia. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2016; 122 ():121-132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

S.G. Wiedemann; M.-J. Yan; B.K. Henry; C.M. Murphy. 2016. "Resource use and greenhouse gas emissions from three wool production regions in Australia." Journal of Cleaner Production 122, no. : 121-132.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2015 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Stephen Wiedemann; Eugene McGahan; Caoilinn Murphy; Ming-Jia Yan; Beverley Henry; Greg Thoma; Stewart Ledgard. Environmental impacts and resource use of Australian beef and lamb exported to the USA determined using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production 2015, 94, 67 -75.

AMA Style

Stephen Wiedemann, Eugene McGahan, Caoilinn Murphy, Ming-Jia Yan, Beverley Henry, Greg Thoma, Stewart Ledgard. Environmental impacts and resource use of Australian beef and lamb exported to the USA determined using life cycle assessment. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2015; 94 ():67-75.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephen Wiedemann; Eugene McGahan; Caoilinn Murphy; Ming-Jia Yan; Beverley Henry; Greg Thoma; Stewart Ledgard. 2015. "Environmental impacts and resource use of Australian beef and lamb exported to the USA determined using life cycle assessment." Journal of Cleaner Production 94, no. : 67-75.

Journal article
Published: 28 January 2015 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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Methodology of co-product handling is a critical determinant of calculated resource use and environmental emissions per kilogram (kg) product but has not been examined in detail for different sheep production systems. This paper investigates alternative approaches for handling co-production of wool and live weight (LW, for meat) from dual purpose sheep systems to the farm-gate.

ACS Style

Stephen G. Wiedemann; Stewart F. Ledgard; Beverley K. Henry; Ming-Jia Yan; Ningtao Mao; Stephen J. Russell. Application of life cycle assessment to sheep production systems: investigating co-production of wool and meat using case studies from major global producers. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2015, 20, 463 -476.

AMA Style

Stephen G. Wiedemann, Stewart F. Ledgard, Beverley K. Henry, Ming-Jia Yan, Ningtao Mao, Stephen J. Russell. Application of life cycle assessment to sheep production systems: investigating co-production of wool and meat using case studies from major global producers. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2015; 20 (4):463-476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stephen G. Wiedemann; Stewart F. Ledgard; Beverley K. Henry; Ming-Jia Yan; Ningtao Mao; Stephen J. Russell. 2015. "Application of life cycle assessment to sheep production systems: investigating co-production of wool and meat using case studies from major global producers." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 20, no. 4: 463-476.

Journal article
Published: 01 January 2015 in The Rangeland Journal
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The sheep industry has played an important role in Australia’s development and economy over the 220 years since European settlement and remains an important land use in Australia, occupying an estimated 85 million ha of continental land mass. Historically, deforestation was carried out in many sheep-rearing regions to promote pasture growth but this has not occurred within recent decades and many wool producers have invested in planting trees as well as preserving patches of remnant vegetation. Although the limitations of single environmental impact studies are recognised, this paper focuses on the contribution of carbon sequestration in trees and shrubs on sheep farms to the global warming potential impact category in life cycle assessment of wool. The analysis represents three major wool-producing zones of Australia. Based on default regional yields as applied in Australia’s National Inventory model, FullCAM, CO2 removals in planted exotic pines and mixed native species were estimated to be 5.0 and 3.0 t CO2 ha–1 year–1, respectively, for the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales in the ‘high-rainfall zone’ and 1.4 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 for mixed native species in the ‘sheep-wheat zone’ of Western Australia. Applying modified factors allowing for the higher measured growth rates in regions with rainfall >300 mm, gave values for native species reforestation of 4.4 and 2.0 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 for New South Wales and Western Australia, respectively. Sequestration was estimated to be 0.07 t CO2 ha–1 year–1 over 100 years for chenopod shrublands of the ‘pastoral zone’ of South Australia but this low rate is significant because of the extent of regeneration. Sequestration of soil organic carbon in improved permanent pastures in the New South Wales Northern Tablelands was evaluated to be highly uncertain but potentially significant over large areas of management. Improved data and consistent methodologies are needed for quantification of these benefits in life cycle assessment studies for wool and sheep meat, and additional impact categories, such as biodiversity, need to be included if the public and private benefits provided by good management of vegetation resources on farms are to be more fully recognised.

ACS Style

B. K. Henry; D. Butler; S. G. Wiedemann. Quantifying carbon sequestration on sheep grazing land in Australia for life cycle assessment studies. The Rangeland Journal 2015, 37, 379 -388.

AMA Style

B. K. Henry, D. Butler, S. G. Wiedemann. Quantifying carbon sequestration on sheep grazing land in Australia for life cycle assessment studies. The Rangeland Journal. 2015; 37 (4):379-388.

Chicago/Turabian Style

B. K. Henry; D. Butler; S. G. Wiedemann. 2015. "Quantifying carbon sequestration on sheep grazing land in Australia for life cycle assessment studies." The Rangeland Journal 37, no. 4: 379-388.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2015 in The Rangeland Journal
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In life cycle assessment studies, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from direct land-use change have been estimated to make a significant contribution to the global warming potential of agricultural products. However, these estimates have a high uncertainty due to the complexity of data requirements and difficulty in attribution of land-use change. This paper presents estimates of GHG emissions from direct land-use change from native woodland to grazing land for two beef production regions in eastern Australia, which were the subject of a multi-impact life cycle assessment study for premium beef production. Spatially- and temporally consistent datasets were derived for areas of forest cover and biomass carbon stocks using published remotely sensed tree-cover data and regionally applicable allometric equations consistent with Australia’s national GHG inventory report. Standard life cycle assessment methodology was used to estimate GHG emissions and removals from direct land-use change attributed to beef production. For the northern-central New South Wales region of Australia estimates ranged from a net emission of 0.03 t CO2-e ha–1 year–1 to net removal of 0.12 t CO2-e ha–1 year–1 using low and high scenarios, respectively, for sequestration in regrowing forests. For the same period (1990–2010), the study region in southern-central Queensland was estimated to have net emissions from land-use change in the range of 0.45–0.25 t CO2-e ha–1 year–1. The difference between regions reflects continuation of higher rates of deforestation in Queensland until strict regulation in 2006 whereas native vegetation protection laws were introduced earlier in New South Wales. On the basis of liveweight produced at the farm-gate, emissions from direct land-use change for 1990–2010 were comparable in magnitude to those from other on-farm sources, which were dominated by enteric methane. However, calculation of land-use change impacts for the Queensland region for a period starting 2006, gave a range from net emissions of 0.11 t CO2-e ha–1 year–1 to net removals of 0.07 t CO2-e ha–1 year–1. This study demonstrated a method for deriving spatially- and temporally consistent datasets to improve estimates for direct land-use change impacts in life cycle assessment. It identified areas of uncertainty, including rates of sequestration in woody regrowth and impacts of land-use change on soil carbon stocks in grazed woodlands, but also showed the potential for direct land-use change to represent a net sink for GHG.

ACS Style

Beverley K. Henry; D. Butler; S. G. Wiedemann. A life cycle assessment approach to quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from land-use change for beef production in eastern Australia. The Rangeland Journal 2015, 37, 273 -283.

AMA Style

Beverley K. Henry, D. Butler, S. G. Wiedemann. A life cycle assessment approach to quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from land-use change for beef production in eastern Australia. The Rangeland Journal. 2015; 37 (3):273-283.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beverley K. Henry; D. Butler; S. G. Wiedemann. 2015. "A life cycle assessment approach to quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from land-use change for beef production in eastern Australia." The Rangeland Journal 37, no. 3: 273-283.

Book chapter
Published: 11 September 2012 in Food Security in Australia
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Australian agriculture is faced with the dilemma of increasing food production for a growing domestic and world population while decreasing environmental impacts and supporting the social and economic future of regional communities. The challenge for farmers is compounded by declining rates of productivity growth which have been linked to changes in climate and decreasing investment in agricultural research. The answer must lie in understanding the ecological functionality of landscapes and matching management of agricultural systems and use of natural resources to landscape capacity in a changing climate. A simplified mixed grain and livestock farm case study is used to illustrate the challenges of assessing the potential for shifts in land allocation between commodities to achieve sustainable intensification of nutrition production. This study highlights the risks associated with overly-simplistic solutions and the need for increased investment in research to inform the development of practical strategies for increasing food production in Australian agro-ecosystems while managing the impacts of climate change and addressing climate change mitigation policies.

ACS Style

Beverley Henry; Richard Conant; John Carter; Veronique Droulez; Peter Grace. Increasing Food Production Sustainably in a Changing Climate: Understanding the Pressures and Potential. Food Security in Australia 2012, 187 -204.

AMA Style

Beverley Henry, Richard Conant, John Carter, Veronique Droulez, Peter Grace. Increasing Food Production Sustainably in a Changing Climate: Understanding the Pressures and Potential. Food Security in Australia. 2012; ():187-204.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beverley Henry; Richard Conant; John Carter; Veronique Droulez; Peter Grace. 2012. "Increasing Food Production Sustainably in a Changing Climate: Understanding the Pressures and Potential." Food Security in Australia , no. : 187-204.

Research article
Published: 01 January 2012 in Crop and Pasture Science
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Climate change presents a range of challenges for animal agriculture in Australia. Livestock production will be affected by changes in temperature and water availability through impacts on pasture and forage crop quantity and quality, feed-grain production and price, and disease and pest distributions. This paper provides an overview of these impacts and the broader effects on landscape functionality, with a focus on recent research on effects of increasing temperature, changing rainfall patterns, and increased climate variability on animal health, growth, and reproduction, including through heat stress, and potential adaptation strategies. The rate of adoption of adaptation strategies by livestock producers will depend on perceptions of the uncertainty in projected climate and regional-scale impacts and associated risk. However, management changes adopted by farmers in parts of Australia during recent extended drought and associated heatwaves, trends consistent with long-term predicted climate patterns, provide some insights into the capacity for practical adaptation strategies. Animal production systems will also be significantly affected by climate change policy and national targets to address greenhouse gas emissions, since livestock are estimated to contribute ~10% of Australia’s total emissions and 8–11% of global emissions, with additional farm emissions associated with activities such as feed production. More than two-thirds of emissions are attributed to ruminant animals. This paper discusses the challenges and opportunities facing livestock industries in Australia in adapting to and mitigating climate change. It examines the research needed to better define practical options to reduce the emissions intensity of livestock products, enhance adaptation opportunities, and support the continued contribution of animal agriculture to Australia’s economy, environment, and regional communities.

ACS Style

Beverley Henry; Ed Charmley; Richard Eckard; John Gaughan; Richard Hegarty. Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia. Crop and Pasture Science 2012, 63, 191 -202.

AMA Style

Beverley Henry, Ed Charmley, Richard Eckard, John Gaughan, Richard Hegarty. Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia. Crop and Pasture Science. 2012; 63 (3):191-202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Beverley Henry; Ed Charmley; Richard Eckard; John Gaughan; Richard Hegarty. 2012. "Livestock production in a changing climate: adaptation and mitigation research in Australia." Crop and Pasture Science 63, no. 3: 191-202.