The automotive industry is increasingly focused on waste management, elimination, and reduction to achieve sustainability and cost reduction. This focus drives the industry towards resource-efficient operations that minimize environmental impact while exceeding customer expectations. Meeting these demands necessitates the adoption of more efficient production methodologies, such as the PDCA cycle. This work presents a case study that illustrates the application of the PDCA methodology to minimize scrap generation due to process variability in a multinational company that manufactures electric motors for the automotive industry. The aim was to demonstrate how the PDCA methodology can improve quality standards by minimizing scrap generated during the manufacture of electrical armatures. Notably, the organization in this case study set a waste target of 0.7%, which was significantly exceeded. Finally, the implementation of this methodology can deliver significant economic benefits, with a total annual cost reduction of approximately USD 135,000.

Rapid growth in the integration of new consumers into the electricity sector, particularly in the industrial sector, has necessitated better control of the electricity supply and of the users’ op-erating conditions to guarantee an adequate quality of service as well as the unregulated dis-turbances that have been generated in the electrical network that can cause significant failures, breakdowns and interruptions, causing considerable expenses and economic losses. This research examines the characteristics of electrical variations in equipment within a company in the industrial sector, analyzes the impact generated within the electrical system according to the need for operation in manufacturing systems, and proposes a new solution through automation of the regulation elements to maintain an optimal system quality and prevent damage and equipment failures while offering a cost-effective model. The proposed solution is evaluated through a reliable simulation in ETAP (Energy Systems Modeling, Analysis and Optimization) software, which emulates the interaction of control elements and simulates the design of electric flow equipment operation. The results demonstrate an improvement in system performance in the presence of disturbances when two automation schemes are applied as well as the exclusive operation of the capacitor bank, which improves the total system current fluctuations and improves the power factor from 85.83% to 93.42%. Such a scheme also improves the waveform in the main power system; another improvement result is when simultaneously operating the voltage and current filter together with the PV system, further improving the current fluctuations, improving the power factor from 85.83% to 94.81%, achieving better stability and improving the quality of the waveform in the main power grid.

The dynamic global automotive sector is characterized by an ever-evolving demand for high-quality vehicles and accessible prices. This research tackles the issue of scrap reduction in electric motor manufacturing for the automotive industry, specifically in a Chinese company, by employing the PDCA methodology. The paper delves into the company's background and current landscape, while pinpointing the problem: specific production lines segments experiencing hi-pot issues are the primary source of scrap. The overarching goal is to design and implement a strategy that, leveraging the PDCA approach, reduces scrap generated during the eight-months subassembly (armature) manufacturing process, from its current average of 2.92% to 0.7%, ultimately enabling the company to eliminate hi-pot defects.

Macro-diversity - all base stations decode cooperatively each received signal - can mitigate shadow fading, and increase the capacity of a spread-spectrum communication network. Assuming that a terminal's transmission power contributes to its own interference, the literature determines whether a vector of quality-of-service targets is feasible through a simple formula, which is insensitive to the terminals' channel gains. Herein, through Banach' contraction-mapping principle - and without the self-interference approximation - a new low-complexity capacity formula is derived. Through its dependence on relative channel gains, the new formula adapts itself in a sensible manner to special conditions, such as when most terminals can only be heard by a subset of the receivers. Under such conditions, the original may significantly overestimate capacity.

The Dutch auction (the price progressively falls until a buyer "takes" the object) is proposed as a foundation for decentralised medium-access control. Common auction formats are well-understood, relatively simple mechanism which have long been used for allocating an indivisible good to the party that values it the most, for such reasons as speed of allocation, discovery of the true "value" of the object, and fraud prevention. Various auction schemes have been proposed for the allocation of telecommunication resources, including medium access control (MAC). But previously proposals require a controller, and, to receive the bids, an alternate protocol which could waste resources, or miss important bids. For MAC, the Dutch auction has several major virtues: (i) a bid-processing protocol that automatically and simply priorities the highest bid(s); (ii) possibility of distributive (auctioneer-free) implementation for synchronised terminals; (iii) confirmation of transmitter-receiver pairs at auction time, with smooth continuation if the pair is infeasible; (iv) exceptional signalling economy (the only strictly necessary signal is the winning bid). Secure software inside each terminal may record transactions for eventual payment collection, or the auction can be used as a prioritised-access algorithm, without real money exchange. Below we evaluate qualitatively the MAC potential of this auction, emphasising the distributed version, which can control access with spatial reuse in a wireless adhoc environment.