During the highway reconstruction and expansion, some lanes are often closed on the construction side to ensure that the construction is carried out normally. The presence of the work zone increases the traffic pressure on the construction side of the highway, causing traffic congestion, increased $C{O}_2$ emissions from motor vehicles, and increasing environmental pollution. The bi-level programming model was developed based on the objective of minimizing the travel time and total $C{O}_2$ emissions of the system so as to solve it using a quantum particle swarm algorithm with high convergence speed and high intelligence to form the lane optimization scheme for the three forms of reclosing and expanding six-lane highways in both directions. The results show that reasonable use of opposite non-construction lanes in the work zone of a partially closed highway expansion can reduce the total system travel cost, alleviate traffic congestion, reduce $C{O}_2$ emissions, and contribute to the sustainable development of transportation, as well as the environment.