Has IFRS improved Accounting Quality in Indonesia? A Systematic Literature Review of 2010-2016

This study aims to investigate the influence of financial distress on accrual earnings management and real earnings management before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a purposive sampling method, the study analyzed the sectors most impacted by the pandemic lockdown, including energy, transportation, and logistics companies, between 2018 and 2021. The total sample of 236 firm-year observation data points was analyzed in this study using regression analysis. The study finds that financially distressed firms tend to engage less in real earnings management before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the study did not find a similar significant difference for accrual earnings management. This research contributes to the discussion of financial distress and earnings management by looking more closely to the company most affected by the pandemic. Real earnings management is more costly than accrual earnings management, and companies with financial distress may not have enough resources, especially during the pandemic, to maneuver their real business operations.

This study aims to analyze the development of research themes in the public–private partnership (PPP) project policy strategy for broadband infrastructure from 2000 to 2021 and identify the most popular research topics. Systematic literature review (SLR) of 927 Google Scholar and Scopus publications, followed by bibliometric analysis, co-occurrence keywords, and in-depth qualitative approaches with content analysis, was performed. Articles are classified based on the source of publication, year of publication, country of origin, journal ranking, and research theme. This study finds that previous studies discussed the development of policy strategies and regulatory theory. Most articles were published in journals indexed under Q1, while only one was published under Q4. This study highlights the importance of government initiatives in developing broadband infrastructure through PPPs. The findings show that the policy strategy, legal framework, and regulations influence the success of PPP schemes. Private sector involvement can reduce costs and provide access to resources and expertise the public sector may still need to gain. This study suggests that policymakers encourage the participation of the private sector in broadband infrastructure projects and provide incentives for them, such as public funding. This study benefits governments or policymakers who intend to implement the PPP scheme to deliver public services.

Greenwashing comes in many forms from misleading claims and ambiguous terms to using nature imagery to suggest sustainability. As ESG obligations and transparency demands grow, so does the scrutiny around greenwashing. The purpose of the study is to examine the role of board effectiveness (diversity, independence, size and expertise) on greenwashing with the role of CSR committee as the moderator in the Malaysian listed companies. This paper analyzes data from the year 2021-2023 with a sample of 1068 firm year observations. The regression analyses have been conducted and the result highlighted that the board effectiveness (diversity, independence, size and expertise) negatively related with the greenwashing behaviour in Malaysian listed companies. Furthermore, the CSR role has shown negatively moderate the relationship between board effectiveness and greenwashing relationship. The results imply that the synergy from the effective board of directors able to curb greenwashing behaviour in the companies. This study goes beyond only offering greenwashing; instead, it offers some policy implications for businesses to be sustainable.

The literature on the IFRS adoption process to date has mainly focused on the macro level. This paper draws on an in-depth longitudinal analysis of the Indonesian company PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk to understand the role of institutional work in the transformation of organization from US GAAP to IFRS. The paper examines the work of actors to disrupt, create, and maintain the institution during the transition to IFRS. The study has revealed that the IFRS adoption at the company is beyond a shallow compliance of financial reporting standards but has significant impact on the company’s transformation as a whole. The IFRS adoption has transformed the business process and the organization culture. The study has also revealed that there are different types of institutional works during the four stages of institutional transformation of the company: Stability, Conflict, Change and Implementation. The tone of the top management board in the organization is crucial to the key actors to stay committed to the long transformation process. This paper contributes to the literature of the IFRS adoption process by providing a framework of the IFRS adoption at the micro level. The case study may assist other companies in their real transformation through embracing the IFRS.   Abstrak Literatur tentang proses adopsi IFRS sampai saat ini terutama berfokus pada tingkat makro. Makalah ini mengacu pada analisis longitudinal mendalam dari perusahaan Indonesia PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia Tbk untuk memahami peran kerja institusional dalam transformasi organisasi dari US GAAP ke IFRS. Makalah ini mengkaji pekerjaan para aktor untuk mengganggu, menciptakan, dan memelihara institusi selama transisi ke IFRS. Studi tersebut telah mengungkapkan bahwa adopsi IFRS di perusahaan berada di luar kepatuhan standar pelaporan keuangan yang dangkal tetapi memiliki dampak signifikan pada transformasi perusahaan secara keseluruhan. Adopsi IFRS telah mengubah proses bisnis dan budaya organisasi. Studi ini juga mengungkapkan bahwa ada berbagai jenis pekerjaan institusional selama empat tahap transformasi institusional perusahaan: Stabilitas, Konflik, Perubahan dan Implementasi. Nada dewan manajemen puncak dalam organisasi sangat penting bagi para aktor kunci untuk tetap berkomitmen pada proses transformasi yang panjang. Makalah ini berkontribusi pada literatur proses adopsi IFRS dengan menyediakan kerangka kerja adopsi IFRS di tingkat mikro. Studi kasus dapat membantu perusahaan lain dalam transformasi nyata mereka dengan merangkul IFRS.