We demonstrate the improved morphological stability and lifetime of ternary organic solar cells incorporating nonfullerene small molecules in polymer:fullerene blends.

Immune diseases have a strong genetic component with Mendelian patterns of inheritance. While the tight association has been a major understanding in the underlying pathophysiology for the category of immune diseases, the common features of these diseases remain unclear. Based on the potential commonality among immune genes, we design Gene Ranker for key gene identification. Gene Ranker is a network-based gene scoring algorithm that initially constructs a backbone network based on protein interactions. Patient gene expression networks are added into the network. An add-on process screens the networks of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) on the samples of immune patients. Gene Ranker is disease-specific; however, any WGCNA network that passes the screening procedure can be added on. With the constructed network, it employs the semi-supervised learning for gene scoring. The proposed method was applied to immune diseases. Based on the resulting scores, Gene Ranker identified potential key genes in immune diseases. In scoring validation, an average area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 was achieved, which is a significant increase from the reference average of 0.76. Highly ranked genes were verified through retrieval and review of 27 million PubMed literatures. As a typical case, 20 potential key genes in rheumatoid arthritis were identified: 10 were de facto genes and the remaining were novel. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online

In this paper, we demonstrated a stretchable, low resistive thick silver electrode directly deposited on a roughened poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) substrate and analyzed its surface crack evolution under the tensile stress. Improvement in the stretching property of the electrode was explained by analyzing changes in the stress distribution when the surface roughness is introduced on the PDMS substrate. It was found that the roughened surface plays two important roles of releasing the film stress of the thick electrode during the relatively long deposition process and uniformly distributing the highly stressed spots in the electrode, which can be easily damaged under the tensile strain.

Voice technology at traffic lights or bus stops is emerging for the independent daily life of the blind, but there are few technologies that efficiently help the blind, such as knowing the color of clothes to wear before going out or entering the bus stop at once. To support such difficulties, this paper proposes a method that can be helped by using a smartphone application to distinguish the color of outdoor clothes. Smartphones, which are hardware-based for applications, have the advantage of predictable results, ease of transportation, independence from direct use, and personal support for the blind through various applications. However, there are very few applications to help the blind. This paper proposes the development of an application that can efficiently and independently recognize colors and images at anytime, anywhere by scanning images using smartphone cameras and converting them into bitmap images. Finally, the effects that can be expected through the application proposed in this study are described.

A luminescent down-shifting (LDS) layer has attracted mass interest for a few decades due to its simple and straightforward strategy of re-aligning the incident light spectrum to the one of photoactive layers of solar cells, leading to a better spectral response. In addition to the advantages of simple installation applicable to a wide range of conventional photovoltaic (PV) devices, it can pave the way for future PV industries. This report searches the principles of the technique precisely from the elements to consider in choosing materials to the inevitable optical losses led by LDS layers. The tendencies of recent studies and their potential for future applications are examined.

Wireless communication technologies operating in the 2.4 GHz band, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, and others, often face challenges related to mutual interference. These technologies share the same unlicensed frequency spectrum, which can lead to various types of interference, affecting performance, reliability, and data throughput. This paper addresses the issue of mutual interference in communications occurring within frequency bands commonly used in daily life. Through this, it conducts an in-depth study on information processing between wireless devices and the control of communication components. Specifically, it examines interference phenomena in the widely used 2.4 GHz band by analyzing communication methods where such interference is likely to occur. By investigating the characteristics of Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee, this study analyzes interference phenomena and proposes an algorithm to mitigate them. To mitigate this, this paper proposes a multi-layered method integrating adaptive filtering, dynamic frequency allocation, advanced error correction, and intelligent scheduling mechanisms.