Chronic ulcers are among the main causes of morbidity and mortality due to the high probability of infection and sepsis and therefore exert a significant impact on public health resources. Numerous types of dressings are used for the treatment of skin ulcers-each with different advantages and disadvantages. Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received enormous interest in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and medical fields due to its biological, physical, and mechanical characteristics, which enable the creation of polymer composites and blends with broad applications. In the medical field, BC was at first used in wound dressings, tissue regeneration, and artificial blood vessels. This material is suitable for treating various skin diseases due its considerable fluid retention and medication loading properties. BC membranes are used as a temporary dressing for skin treatments due to their excellent fit to the body, reduction in pain, and acceleration of epithelial regeneration. BC-based composites and blends have been evaluated and synthesized both in vitro and in vivo to create an ideal microenvironment for wound healing. This review describes different methods of producing and handling BC for use in the medical field and highlights the qualities of BC in detail with emphasis on biomedical reports that demonstrate its utility. Moreover, it gives an account of biomedical applications, especially for tissue engineering and wound dressing materials reported until date. This review also includes patents of BC applied as a wound dressing material.

Objective: To prepare standard operating protocols (SOPs) for the preparation of instruments used in nail cutting. Methods: Descriptive research, with elaboration of educational videos about preparation and sterilization of instruments for non-medical liability beauty institutes (NMSI). Two (SOPs) were elaborated: 1- Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for manipulation of cutting instruments. 2- Processing of instruments for cuticle removal (pliers and retractors). Results: The 02 SOP's elaborated were in video format, with paramentation and unparamentation of the PPE'S and preparation of the cuticle Instruments, containing the flow of cleaning with neutral soap, packaging with surgical grade paper, sterilization by steam autoclave. Conclusion: The SOP's elaborated when well used, have the intention to offer subsidies for the activities of nail cutting with safety, minimizing the risks and possible damages to the health of the professionals and the customers, about the exposure to pathogens, such as hepatitis C (HCV), hepatitis B (HBV), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) linked by a possible contamination of the instruments with blood, finally the training is fundamental for the consolidation of the correct use of the SOP and the achievement of biosecurity in beauty salons.

The production of secondary metabolites of high added value by microorganisms has been extensively studied, mainly in the formulation of medium containing agro-industrial residues. Citric acid is a tricarboxylic organic acid obtained through submerged fermentation processes. The Aspergillus genus is considered an excellent producer of bioactive substances of industrial interest. This study aims to determine the rate of citric acid production using four strains of the microorganism (UCP 1099, 1356, 1357, and 1463) in alternative culture mediums containing citrus pomace (pineapple, orange and lemon) from the food industries in the state of Pernambuco, and to compare the results with the production obtained with the standard production medium using computational statistical tools. Assays were carried out with four samples of Aspergillus isolated from Caatinga in three conventional mediums, for 144 h, 37°C, and 180 rpm. The pH variation, sugar consumption, and citric acid production were analyzed. The results showed that the medium-called two e and the sample UCP1357, presented a citric acid production of 7.22g.L-1. After selecting the medium and the best producer microorganisms, production tests were carried out with a medium formulated with citrus fruit residues. The results revealed that all the residues produced citric acid, with the lemon peel being the best of the residues tested (6.91 g.L-1). It appears that there is a possibility of using residues in the formulation of means of production, thus contributing to the reuse of the present nutrients and the reduction of the environmental impact.