Background: Cartilage lesions are a significant cause of morbidity and impaired knee function; however, cartilage repair procedures have failed to reproduce native cartilage to date. Thus, osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation represents a 1-step procedure to repair large chondral defects without the donor site morbidity of osteochondral autograft transplantation. Purpose: To perform a systematic review of clinical outcomes and failure rates after OCA transplantation in the knee at a minimum mean 2 years’ follow-up. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of the literature regarding the existing evidence for clinical outcomes and failure rates of OCA transplantation in the knee joint was performed using the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and MEDLINE from studies published between 1980 and 2017. Inclusion criteria were as follows: clinical outcomes and failure rates of OCAs for the treatment of chondral defects in the knee joint, English language, mean follow-up of 2 years and minimum follow-up of 18 months, minimum study size of 20 patients, and human studies. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using a modified version of the Coleman methodology score. Results: The systematic search identified 19 studies with a total of 1036 patients. The mean 5-year survival rate across the studies included in this review was 86.7% (range, 64.1%-100.0%), while the mean 10-year survival rate was 78.7% (range, 39.0%-93.0%). The mean survival rate was 72.8% at 15 years (range, 55.8%-84.0%) and 67.5% at 20 years (range, 66.0%-69.0%). The weighted mean patient age was 31.5 years (range, 10-82 years), and the weighted mean follow-up was 8.7 years (range, 2-32 years). The following outcome measures showed significant improvement from preoperatively to postoperatively: d’Aubigné-Postel, International Knee Documentation Committee, Knee Society function, and Lysholm scores. The weighted mean reoperation rate was 30.2% (range, 0%-63%). The weighted mean failure rate was 18.2% (range, 0%-31%). Of note, revision cases, patellar lesions, and bipolar lesions demonstrated worse survival rates. Conclusion: Improved patient-reported outcomes can be expected after OCA transplantation, with a survival rate of 78.7% at 10 years. Revision cases, patellar lesions, and bipolar lesions were associated with worse survival rates; therefore, utilization of the most appropriate index cartilage restoration procedure and proper patient selection are key to improving results.

Since the introduction of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in 1987 (in Europe) and 2004 (in the United States), the number of RTSAs performed annually has increased. Although the main indication for RTSA has been rotator cuff tears, indications have expanded to include several shoulder conditions, many of which involve dysfunction of the rotator cuff. RTSA complications have been reported to affect 19% to 68% of patients and include acromial fracture, haematoma, infection, instability, mechanical baseplate failure, neurological injury, periprosthetic fracture and scapular notching. Current controversies in RTSA include optimal baseplate positioning, humeral neck-shaft angle (135° versus 155°), glenosphere placement (medial, lateral or bony increased offset RTSA) and subscapularis repair. Improvements in prosthesis design, surgeon experience and clinical results will need to occur to optimize this treatment for many shoulder conditions. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2018;3:58–69 DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.3.170044

Background: Minimally invasive distal metatarsal osteotomy (MIDMO) is a common technique used to correct the hallux valgus deformity, but controversy remains regarding the expected outcomes of this surgery. Methods: Seventy-two patients (85 feet) suffering from hallux valgus underwent MIDMO with a modified Bösch technique. Patients were prospectively evaluated using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux score, and the AOFAS recovery rate was calculated. Before surgery and at follow-up, the hallux valgus (HVA), intermetatarsal (IMA), and distal metatarsal articular (DMAA) angles were measured, and the severity of disease was categorized according to the preoperative HVA. The tibial sesamoid position and articular congruence were evaluated. Postoperative complications were noted. Results: After an average follow-up of 73.3 ± 38.1 months, the total AOFAS score improved from 47.6 ± 13.3 to 87.3 ± 11.5 (P < .001). The HVA decreased from 34.7 ± 8.2 to 14.8 ± 7.8 degrees, the IMA from 14.7 ± 4 to 6.6 ± 3.6 degrees, and the DMAA from 20.9 ± 9.8 to 9 ± 6.6 degrees (P < .001 for all). Postoperative improvement in AOFAS was inversely related to the preoperative severity of disease (P < .001, β = –.378). Sixteen (18.8%) deformity recurrences were noted, 9 of which were observed in patients with preoperative HVA more than 40 degrees. Worse preoperative congruence of the metatarsophalangeal joint and tibial sesamoid position correlated with a higher rate of recurrence of the disease after surgery (P = .001, β = –.353 and P < .001, β = .427, respectively). Conclusions: Satisfactory clinical and radiological results can be expected after MIDMO, but caution should be exercised when using this technique because of the likelihood of possible complications (29.4% overall complication rate). Predictors of surgical outcomes can be used to select the best candidates for this surgery. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.

Sean Dangelmajer, BA, Filippo Familiari, MD, Roberto Simonetta, MD, Mehmet Kaymakoglu, MD, and Gazi Huri, MD. Knee Surg Relat Res 2017;29:3-10. https://doi.org/10.5792/ksrr.16.059