Background and Aim: Many environmental factors exist that influence embryonic development which is missing in the poultry industry, such as light in incubation facilities or hatcheries. Light plays an important role in the growth and development of chick embryos, whereas dark environments can lead to hatching failure or embryo distortion. Therefore, this study aimed to demonstrate the importance of light and its various colors on the growth and development of broiler chick embryos. Materials and Methods: Four treatments were used to study the impact of various light colors on the growth of embryos and their neurophysiological traits: Dark without light (D), red light (RL), blue light (BL), and green light (GL), with three replicates per treatment (25 eggs/replicate) for a total of 300 fertile Ross 308 eggs. Each treatment was assigned to one incubator (75 eggs/incubator), whereas all other conditions were kept the same. Results: The results showed a significant increase (p<0.01) in embryonic development for embryo weight, chick body weight, hatchability, and embryo index for RL, BL, and especially GL. RL, BL, and especially GL significantly increased (p<0.01) neurophysiological traits of the neurons, brain weight, and brain index. Conclusion: The use of light during the embryonic period affects the development of the embryo and its neurophysiological traits.

Fish currently suffer from a lack of well-being due to the large number of pollutants in the water and the lack of space given to them, which makes them afraid and uncomfortable, which leads to a lack of welfare and, thus, a lack of production and poor quality of meat. This study was designed using a modern geometric design (DGD) of basin design, which is an H-mark. Three hundred fishes were used and distributed in three treatments with four replications; each treatment consisted of 100 fishes, and each replicate included 25. The first treatment was a control treatment (C), represented by raising fish in regular ponds, and the second treatment was fish farming using novelty design ponds in the shape of the H sign (ND). The third treatment was the fish farming treatment in earthen ponds (EP). The statistical analysis findings demonstrated that the ND treatment significantly improved the condition. ( p≤0.05) in the number of red blood cells, over the rest of the treatments, and significantly ( p≤0.05) for HD hemoglobin, was superior to the rest. In PCV, the ND treatment was a significant improvement compared with the rest of the treatments if the highest value was recorded, the results demonstrated significant changes between the experimental treatments at the level (p 0.05). The outcomes revealed that the number of white blood cells significantly increased with ND therapy (p 0.05). Cells, over the rest of the treatments, and a significant improvement ( p≤0.05) for H/L compared with the rest of the treatments; there were no significant differences between the experimental treatments, but there was a significant improvement ( p≤0.05) in ND treatment in the Glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride HDL, LDL, GPT, and GOT, over the rest of the treatments. Using a novelty design in the ponds helped the fish increase their well-being due to their feeling of comfort and lack of fear, which improved their behavior, blood traits, and growth performance. Keywords: Modern Geometric Design, Fish Ponds, Blood Traits, Behavior Traits, and Growth Performance

Background: Sexual differentiation can occur after exposure to aromatase into the left gonad at 6.5 days of incubation. Aromatase inhibitors work by inhibiting the action of the aromatase, which converts androgens into estrogens by a process called aromatization.Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of in ovo exposure to the aromatase inhibitor from tomato and garlic extract on sexual differentiation and embryonic development in chicken embryos.Methods: Three hundred eggs divided into five groups: Control 1 (CO; no injection); control 2 distilled water, DW; 0.1 ml/egg); garlic extract (GAR; 0.1 mg/egg); tomato extract (TOM; 0.1 mg/egg); and garlic and tomato extract mixed (ATM, 0.1 ml/egg). The solution was prepared and injected into the albumin from the thin end of the eggs on day five by using a 1 ml syringe with a 23‐gauge needle. The embryonic test (embryo/egg weight) conducted at 7, 14 and 17 days of incubation. After hatching, feather sexing conducted to determine the initial male. Chicks sex was later confirmed on day 42 by an optical microscope lens.Results: The results revealed that there was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in embryonic growth traits in all experimental treatments as compared to control treatments. There was a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the percentage of hatchability for all experimental treatments compared to control treatments and a significant increase (p < 0.01) in chick quality including one‐day‐old chick length and body weight. All experimental treatments showed a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the male‐to‐female ratio compared to control treatments.Conclusions: The effect of in ovo exposure to aromatase inhibitors stimulated female‐to‐male sex reversal and improved embryonic development.

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of stimulating the embryo during the dormancy in the incubation period. 450 eggs (Ross 308) were allocated in four treatments each with three replicates. The treatments were as follows: T1 control (without shock), T2 Shocked (40) Millivolts (mV), T3 Shocked (50) (mV), T4 Shocked (75) (mV). A different voltage device was used to shock the egg, after marking the eggs with a line of iron filings to ensure electrical conductivity, eggs were shocked at different times three times a day. The results showed that the percentage of embryonic weight increased significantly and the percentage of albumin decreased significantly and the percentage of shells for experimental treatments during the seven days of incubation compared to the control treatment. The significant increase in the percentage of embryonic weight and amniotic sac and liquid and a significant decrease in the percentage of albumin and yolk compared to the control treatment at 14 and 17 days of incubation for experimental treatment. Significant increase in neurophysiological traits of neurons, brain weight for T2, T3 and especially T4 concluded that electrical stimulation had a positive effect on the embryo.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding various levels of Optifeed®, VêO® premium and Oleobiotec® to the diets as appetite stimulants in the production Performance of broiler males under heat stress conditions. The experiment was done for 42 days for the period from 30 August 2018 to 11 of October 2018 at the Poultry Research Station of the Livestock Research Department / Agricultural Research Department / Ministry of Agriculture (Baghdad - Abu Ghraib). In this study, 270 - one-day broiler males (Ross 308) were reared with a mean body weight of 37 g/chick, distributed randomly on 18 pens with dimensions of 2 x 3 m (length x width). The experimental treatments involved six treatments with three replicates for each treatment (per replicate 15 chicks). The treatments were included T1: basal diet as a control with no additions, T2: basal diet + 500 g/ton of Optifeed®, T3: basal diet + 250 g/ton of VêO® premium, T4: basal diet + 250 g/ton of Oleobiotec®, T5: basal diet + 250 g of Optifeed® + 125 g of VêO® premium + 125 g of oleobiotec® /ton of feed, T6: basal diet + 500 g Optifeed® + 250 g VêO® premium + 250 g Oleobiotec® g/ton of feed. The obtained results showed that a significant decrease in all experimental trials of Malondialdehyde (MDA) for broiler liver tissue compared to control treatment. Treatment (T6) recorded the lowest concentration of dehydrode (MDA) compared to other treatments.

This study was carried out on a poultry farm in the department of Animal Production – College of Agriculture - University of Anbar was achieved through two experiments, the first experiment was carried out during the period of 01-12-2020 to 15-12-2020. This experiment aimed to determine the undesired behavior in broiler chicks including fear, gathering, and isolation. Seventy-five unsexed chicks were used that belong to strain Ross 308 with the age of one day. Chicks were randomly distributed to five replications, each replicate contained 15 chicks. The second experiment from 31-01-2021 to 14-02-2021 and remove the undesired behavioral traits which were determined in the first experiment by using the natural stimulator (sound). Also, seventy-five unsexed chicks belonging to the same strain (Ross 308) were used with an age of one day as well as distributed to 5 replicates and each replicate contained 15 chicks. The results showed that there were significant differences between the two experiments in each of the traits of fear, grouping, and isolation due to the natural stimulator (sound) to broiler chicks.