Modern agriculture both in the world and in the Russian Federation is at the stage of profound transformation. The growing natural, socio-economic and production risks dictate the need for a detailed analysis of the medium-term prospects and priorities of agro-industrial complex. Taking into account the need to ensure high competitiveness of domestic food production, the need for such analysis is of great practical importance. The article presents the results of the analysis of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan, identifies the existing medium-term trends. As the most significant medium-term trends in the development of agriculture are highlighted: the adaptation of agricultural production technologies to global climate changes; the development of efficient production systems with maximum environmental safety while reducing the need for labor resources; the formation of a specialized industry to meet the demand for high quality and healthy food; digitalization and computerization of agricultural production, including In addition, the main trends in the development of crop, livestock and agricultural engineering are given. At the same time, the special role of new technologies in the sustainable development of these industries is pointed out. In the conclusion proceeding from highlighted tendencies of medium-term development of agroindustrial complex the main tasks, facing agrarian science and education are given

The use of biological pesticides for protecting plants from various infectious diseases and controlling abiotic stresses is becoming increasingly widespread in various agricultural crops. However, the effectiveness of biological plant protection is strongly dependent on various factors, in particular on weather conditions. To increase the impact of the use of biological products in plant protection against diseases, it is necessary to search for new approaches. One of the ways to increase the return on the use of biological products is the use of special adaptogens that increase the resistance of biological agents of biopesticides to the negative influence of the external environment. The Kazan State Agrarian University developed an adaptogen for bioagents of biological products based on alcohol extracts of millet. In 2019, on spring barley, the use of their mixtures with an adaptogen when spraying with biological products made it possible to increase the yield per 1,75 t / ha in comparison with the control and per 0,36 t / ha when using only biological products. At the same time, the effectiveness of control of the main leaf mycoses increased In 2020, studies were carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of biological products with the addition of the silicon-containing mineral diatomite when spraying barley plants. It has been established that the use of such formulations makes it possible to increase the productivity of plants, enhance the effectiveness of pathogen control in comparison with a standard biofungicide

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of different extracts (water, ethanol, enzymatic) from germinated seeds of spring barley on the development of Pseudomonas putida bacteria. The tests on optical density were performed to study the influence of different extracts on the development of model extracts. The analysis of the influence of different extracts from germinated seeds of spring barley on biological agent - Pseudomonas putida PCL1760, contained in biopreparations for crop protection showed that ethanol extract from Raushan variety of spring barley increased the resistance of Pseudomonas putida PCL1760 to the heat and osmotic stresses. All the types of extracts did not contribute to the increase of bacteria resistance to low temperatures. There was no significant difference established between the activity of spring barley extracts with vernalization and without vernalization. The materials of the study showed that ethanol extracts from spring barley can be used for the development of Pseudomonas spp. based on biopreparations for the enhancement of biocontrol microorganisms (BCMs) activity.

The aim of the study was to investigate the peculiarities of microbiome and seed bacterial endophytes isolated from different varieties of spring wheat grown in different areas of Eurasia (European part of Russia (Volga region), countries of Central Asia). The main method of the microbiome studies was PCR. Isolation of bacterial endophytes from the...

The paper presents an assessment of the suitability of various genotypes (cultivars) of spring wheat for use in carbon farming. For these purposes, indicators of the carbon footprint and the balance of greenhouse gases in the cultivation of each of the genotypes were determined. The studies were carried out in 2022 on the experimental fields of the Kazan State Agrarian University, under conditions of sufficient moisture, especially in the first half of the plant growing season. Agrotechnology for cultivation of varieties was recommended for the area of the Pre-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The calculation of the carbon footprint (CFR) was carried out on the basis of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in kg of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2 equivalent) per kg of product (grain). To determine the volume of greenhouse gas emissions, data on the consumption of fuel, synthetic fertilizers, pesticides were used, and direct and indirect N2O emissions associated with the mineralization of wheat plant residues were also taken into account. The objects of research were nineteen genotypes of spring wheat of domestic selection. In the conditions of 2022, the yield of various varieties of spring wheat fluctuated over a wide range (from 2.64 t/ha for the Tulaikovskaya 108 variety to 4.75 t/ha for the Ulyanovsk 105 variety), reaching an average of 3.76 t/ha for all varieties. The results of the assessment of the CFP value showed that on average it amounted to about 0.49 kg CO2 eq. per kg -1, and the coefficient of variation of the indicator for all varieties was 9.99%, which indicates a weak variability. The lowest carbon footprints were found in Khayat (0.40 kg CO2 eq/kg-1), Ulyanovskaia 105 and Ura-Losibirskaya 2 (0.42 kg CO2 eq/kg-1). For most of the studied spring wheat varieties, the greenhouse gas balance was negative (on average -386.08 kg CO2 eq. per ha). However, in the varieties Idelle, Tulaikovskaya Nadezhda and Zlata, the balance was positive, which is associated with the entry into the soil of a significant amount of plant residues and straw in these varieties. Thus, out of 19 varieties of spring wheat, only 3 have prospects for use in carbon farming. The results obtained confirmed the need to study the carbon footprint and balance of greenhouse gases when assessing spring wheat genotypes in breeding programs for carbon farming.