Over a quarter of the workforce in industrialized countries does shift work, which increases the risk for cardiometabolic disease. Yet shift workers are often excluded from lifestyle intervention studies to reduce this risk. In a randomized control trial with 137 firefighters who work 24-h shifts (23-59 years old, 9% female), 12 weeks of 10-h time-restricted eating (TRE) was feasible, with TRE participants decreasing their eating window (baseline, mean 14.13 h, 95% CI 13.78-14.47 h; intervention, 11.13 h, 95% CI 10.73-11.54 h, p = 3.29E-17) with no adverse effects, and improved quality of life assessed via SF-36 (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03533023). Compared to the standard of care (SOC) arm, TRE significantly decreased VLDL particle size. In participants with elevated cardiometabolic risks at baseline, there were significant reductions in TRE compared to SOC in glycated hemoglobin A1C and diastolic blood pressure. For individuals working a 24-h shift schedule, TRE is feasible and can improve cardiometabolic health, especially for individuals with increased risk. VIDEO

Suicide remains one of the leading causes of death among adolescents in the US. From 2018 to 2021, suicide was the second leading cause of death for adolescents aged 10 to 14 years and the third leading cause of death among those aged 15 to 19 years.¹ Suicide is linked to numerous, overlapping factors and paths of marginalization, including mental health conditions, historical and intergenerational trauma, discrimination, neighborhood deprivation, accessibility to lethal means, exposure to violence and abuse, and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic.^2-6 Although older and male adolescents have historically had higher suicide rates than younger and female adolescents, respectively,^7,8 recent evidence suggests these gaps may be closing as suicide rates are increasing more rapidly for female adolescents than male adolescents.^9,10 Previous reports identified racial and ethnic differences in adolescent suicide; in recent years, the adolescent suicide rate among Black and Asian and Pacific Islander individuals has increased rapidly, whereas the rate among White individuals has decreased.^11-13 Race and ethnicity are social constructs; hence, racial and ethnic differences in health may be driven by social determinants, environment, and systems of oppression and marginalization that produce disparities in health and longevity.¹⁴

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) youth are 120% more likely to be homeless than cisgender and heterosexual youth, yet current federal policies are insufficient and exclude LGBTQ youth. Youth homeless shelters are inadequately equipped to serve LGBTQ homeless youth due to poor funding, a focus on heterosexual or cisgender clients in their programs, and a lack of LGBTQ-friendly policies. Given the pervasiveness of this issue, public health and social policy interventions must be considered. In this perspective, the LGBTQ homeless youth epidemic is introduced and described, past policies are analyzed, and policy recommendations are made.