Social entrepreneurship has the potential to offer job opportunities for people with disabilities (OKU). However, there is a gap between the effectiveness of existing social entrepreneurship activities and the desire of people with disabilities to become social entrepreneurs. This paper aims to detail the plan of study for exploring the basic principles practiced by social entrepreneurs with disabilities in overcoming challenges and creating opportunities within their social entrepreneurial business. This study targeted disabled entrepreneurs and five key informants to be interviewed through the Quintuple Helix method. The study is expected to become the basis of generalizing the culture of social entrepreneurship among the disabled group.

This study emphasizes the imperative of global standards in halal tourism as practice differs widely due to varying interpretations and applications. This study explores the possibility and limitation of creating standardized procedures in addressing the growing Muslim travel market and enticing non-Muslim tourists with moral and sustainable experiences. Literature points to notable developments, particularly in providing halal-certified food, prayer facilities, and culturally acceptable accommodations. Disparities in definition and usage of "halal" remain a real barrier to standardisation. Following industry data and case studies, the research establishes that countries having sound halal standards and well-established global networks are more adept at bringing crowds of tourists as well as pushing sustainable development. It is proposed that one universal system needs to be put in place to enhance credibility, service quality, and cross-cultural appeal. The study focuses on Islamic-non-Islamic cooperation, investment-friendly infrastructure for halal, and ethical and sustainable values promotion for halal tourism. Future studies would build on these themes by examining the effect of technological innovation and halal certification on tourist preference and destination competitiveness. Stakeholders and policymakers would be informed by the analysis while crafting a harmonious, inclusive halal tourism model integrating economic and cultural aims.

Within the food and beverage industry in Malaysia, food delivery service, particularly the application of food delivery apps, is an emerging new wave. The escalation of food delivery apps could shift consumer behaviour in the purchase of food. The paper aims to explore contributing factors influencing consumer behaviour using food delivery apps using a qualitative approach. The approach entails the use of semistructured interviews with eight students, all of whom are Foodpanda food delivery app users, in a high-learning institution. Thematic method of data analysis revealed the following factors influencing the app usage behaviour: Ease of use, Variety of Choice, Social effect, and Time/Cost saving. This finding highlights the behavioural pattern of food delivery app users, which informs on better marketing strategies and planning for future business opportunities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically transformed the human lifestyle and world socioeconomic conditions. It has attracted many scholars to assess the consequences of this pandemic. From a different angle, this study aims to compare the socioeconomic conditions before and during the COVID-19 pandemic; and to assess which socioeconomic indicator was most impacted by the pandemic. This empirical study employed a valid and reliable questionnaire that was randomly distributed to 516 respondents aged 18 to 65 years old in Peninsular Malaysia. Paired sample t-test and frequency analysis were utilised for the data analysis. Results show a significant difference in terms of socioeconomic conditions, namely income, saving, job security, health conditions, security/personal safety, emotional condition, spirituality, and work productivity was observed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, spirituality (99.4%), food security (96.9%), health (88%), and personal safety (83.5%) were the most affected indicators during the COVID-19 pandemic. The outcomes of this study could provide policymakers with a clear picture of the effective strategy for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) and aiding Malaysia in its economic and social recovery after the pandemic.

Business actors, ranging from national to global levels, seek to capitalize on competitive advantages, and modern supply chains often adopt a globally distributed manufacturing system by outsourcing logistics processes to service providers. In the FMCG (Fast- Moving Consumer Goods) industry, companies must effectively control the supply chain through the establishment of a robust logistics and SCM (Supply Chain Management) management system. This study aims to analyze and describe an efficient logistics management model in the FMCG industry to enhance company performance. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing a narrative literature study and conducting case studies on FMCG companies in Indonesia. The study’s findings demonstrate that building and implementing an effective logistics model, particularly through the integration of information technology, service quality, and communication, along with optimizing delivery methods, can significantly improve company performance in the FMCG industry. Moreover, the study highlights the impact of commitment and trust on loyalty, attitudes, and behavior concerning logistics management within the FMCG sector. Keywords: business, FMCG, logistics, operations management, supply chain management