The aim of this study was to determine the association between regular leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and various body mass index (BMI) categories in Taiwanese young adults. A total of 10,802 young adults (18–44 years) were enrolled in a national telephone survey. The questionnaire data from this survey included socio-demographic characteristics, zip code of residence, LTPA behaviors, self-reported health status, and self-evaluated anthropometric measurements, which included height, body weight, and BMI. Regular and non-regular LTPA behaviors were defined as follows: (1) Regular LTPA: participants who reported breathing quickly and sweating when participating in 150–300 min per week of moderate-intensity LTPA or 75–150 min per week of vigorous-intensity LTPA. (2) Non-regular LTPA: the rest of the participants. The various BMI categories were defined as (1) underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), (2) normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24 kg/m²), (3) overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 27 kg/m²), and (4) obese (BMI ≥ 27 kg/m²). When compared with participants with non-regular LTPA, participants with regular LTPA exhibited lower risks of being overweight (odds ratio [OR], 0.837; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.738–0.948) and underweight (OR, 0.732; 95% CI 0.611–0.876). However, there was no significant relationship between regular LTPA and obesity risk when using non-regular LTPA as the baseline after adjusting for potential confounders. The study results revealed that regular LTPA effectively reduced the risks of being underweight and overweight. However, for people with obesity, regular LTPA was unable to significantly decrease their obesity risk.

Background: There are several possible links that have been used to claim that osteoporosis and peripheral artery disease (PAD) are associated; however, the solid evidence is not sufficient. This study aimed to use the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to determine if osteoporosis is associated with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Method: NHIRD records from 23 million patients were collected to recruit two matched cohort groups: 64,562 patients with and 64,562 patients without osteoporosis. To compare the crude hazard ratio (HR) and the incidence rate ratio between the two cohort groups for PAD, the Cox model was used. Result: With an adjusted HR of 1.18 (95% CI, 1.08–1.29), the osteoporosis cohort group had a significantly greater risk for PAD than the group without osteoporosis. The cumulative incidence of PAD in the cohort group was also statistically higher than it was in the group without osteoporosis (1.71% and 1.39%; p ≤ 0.0001, log-rank) over the 10-year follow-up period. In addition, the osteoporotic patients with ischemic stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and congestive heart failure (CHF) had a significantly increased risk of PAD based on subgroup analysis. Conclusions: There was a positive association between osteoporosis and the development of PAD, as patients with osteoporosis had an increased incidence of PAD over time.

Background: Titanium is commonly used for fracture fixation and is considered inert, but hypersensitivity reactions to titanium alloy still occur and are difficult to diagnose due to a lack of a universally accepted standard in post-orthopedic surgical patients, and other common diagnoses need to be differentiated. Case Presentation: This case report describes three patients with manifestations of allergic reactions to titanium-alloy implants after Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) with Ti-6Al-4V plates. Three patients mainly presented with persistent localized dermatitis. During follow-up, radiographs confirmed bone unions, and there were no signs of purulent drainage, abscess formation, or systemic infection. Taken together, these findings reduce the possibility of fracture-related infection (FRI) and other etiologies. Conservative treatment was ineffective, and the patch test and histopathology in two patients respectively supported hypersensitivity reactions. After the implants were surgically removed, there were significant improvements in symptoms. Conclusion: Three cases of suspected titanium-alloy hypersensitivity were diagnosed by exclusion based on clinical history, laboratory results, and additional testing. The findings showed the importance of clinical history and the identification of signs and symptoms of allergic reactions, emphasizing the need for a standardized diagnostic process.

Necrotizing fasciitis is a relatively rare and serious fatal soft-tissue infection that is characterized by a rapidly spreading bacterial infection located in the subcutaneous tissues. We report a 59-year-old man who was diagnosed with acute necrotizing fasciitis, following a primary total knee replacement. He received primary total knee replacement that was uneventful and smooth intraoperatively. An immediate high fever was reported in the next few days, with several complications, confirming a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis. The most effective treatment for this disease is a rapid primary diagnosis and surgical debridement. Gold standard treatment includes intravenous therapy, such as antibiotics, surgical debridement, and intensive care. As a result of possible GI complications that triggered necrotizing fasciitis, the patient underwent flap reconstruction. This report’s aim is to review the comprehensive treatment, management, and experience of necrotizing fasciitis, highlighting the roles with a multidisciplinary care team for improving the condition of this patient.