This paper proposes a novel image cryptosystem based on chaos theory and a modified version of Grain-128 cipher. Pixel and bit-level permutation of the plain image is performed by Hilbert curve and...

The sum of all the lives destroyed every year by natural disasters in different countries is estimated at more than ten thousand. This paper looks at the effects of natural disasters in the world and then examines whether the strategies developed to cope with these calamities are beneficial for the people. In view of the country's wealth, the economy is a serious concern. The paper focuses exclusively on the natural disasters and examines the most recent data. It deals with crop damage, property damage, the deaths of people, and economic losses the country has suffered in recent years. The aim of the paper is to evaluate whether any improvements are needed based on past and current data.

Due to increased usage of web as a medium of publication by entrepreneurs and federal agencies, a massive amount of data is stored in structured and unstructured forms over the web. This leads to page-cluttering, which makes it difficult to distinguish the content of interest from superfluous data such as billboards, and patent and other announcements. Web Usage Mining (WUM) is a type of data mining technique that identifies usage patterns of web data, so as to perceive and better serve the requirements of web applications. The working of WUM involves three steps - pre-processing, pattern discovery and analysis. This research paper studies the identification of web usage patterns based on the user's interest/choice, thereby creating an intelligent semantics-based web usage mining technique.