Although gastroschisis is often diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, there is still a gap in the literature about which prenatal ultrasound markers can predict complex gastroschisis. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the ultrasound markers that characterize complex gastroschisis. A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to the guidelines of PRISMA. The protocol was registered (PROSPERO ID CRD42020211685). Meta-analysis was displayed graphically on Forest plots, which estimate prevalence rates and risk ratios, with 95% confidence intervals, using STATA version 15.0. The combined prevalence of intestinal complications in fetuses with complex gastroschisis was 27.0%, with a higher prevalence of atresia (about 48%), followed by necrosis (about 25%). The prevalence of deaths in newborns with complex gastroschisis was 15.0%. The predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis were intraabdominal bowel dilatation (IABD) (RR 3.01, 95% CI 2.22 to 4.07; I² = 15.7%), extra-abdominal bowel dilatation (EABD) (RR 1.55, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.39; I² = 77.1%), and polyhydramnios (RR 3.81, 95% CI 2.09 to 6.95; I² = 0.0%). This review identified that IABD, EABD, and polyhydramnios were considered predictive ultrasound markers for complex gastroschisis. However, evidence regarding gestational age at the time of diagnosis is needed.

Objective To evaluate the frequency of structural congenital anomalies (CAs) in the midwest of Brazil and its association with maternal risk factors. Methods This was a prospective, observational, case-control study based on a hospital population. Pregnant women attended at a fetal medicine service in Brazil were analyzed in the period from October 2014 to February 2016.A total of 357 pregnant women were included, 223 of whom had fetuses with structural anomalies (group case), and 134 of whom had structurally normal fetuses (control group). The clinical history was made previous to prenatal consultation, and the diagnosis of the structural CA was performed through ultrasound. Results A frequency of 64.27% (n = 223) of pregnant women with fetuses with structural anomalies was observed. The most frequent structural CAs were those of the central nervous system (30.94%), followed by anomalies of the genitourinary system (23.80%), and, finally, by multiple CAs (16.60%). The background of previous children with CAs (odds ratio [OR]: 3.85; p = 0.022), family history (OR: 6.03; p = < 0.001), and consanguinity between the progenitors (OR: 4.43; p = 0.034) influenced the occurrence of structural CA. Conclusion The most frequent CAs are those of the central nervous system, followed by those of the genitourinary system, and then multiple anomalies. The maternal risk factors that may have influenced the occurrence of structural CA were previous children with CA, family history, and consanguinity among the parents.

To develop strategies of alternative public policies, it is necessary to know which plants and phytotherapics are most used, mainly by pregnant women, guaranteeing adequate use. The objective of the study is to identify the socio-demographic profile, to detect which medicinal plants and / or phytotherapics are most used and the possible risks for fetal morphology. A case-control study, conducted between July 2017 and October 2018. For the evaluation of clinical and epidemiological data, a questionnaire was applied in both groups, before ultrasonographic evaluation. Data were analyzed using a significance level of 5% (p ≤ 0.05), applying the Pearson's Chi-square test and Posthoc's test. Of the total of 282 pregnant women, 19.86% (56/282) reported use of medicinal plants. Of these, 62.5% (35/56) are pregnant women with malformations and 37.5% (21/56) are pregnant women with structurally normal fetuses. Statistical differences were obtained regarding the use of medicinal plants such as camomile (p = 0.02) and Passiflora (p = 0.03). The misuse of medicinal plants are risk factors for fetal morphology. Identifying the plants used in gestation can contribute to the planning of programs for enlightenment for pregnant women and continuing education for health professionals.

As infeções congênitas são as principais causas de incapacidade permanente em crianças e ocasionam grande impacto na morbimortalidade e custos dos tratamentos. Dentre as principais infecções que podem causar complicações na gravidez destacam-se: toxoplasmose, rubéola, citomegalovírus, sífilis, zika vírus, herpes, hepatite, síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida e parvovírus B19. Essas infecções podem provocar alterações morfológicas em tecidos ou órgãos fetais, dessa forma, a identificação e o tratamento precoce podem reduzir a transmissão materno-fetal e/ou diminuir o impacto no feto. Dessa forma, o objetivo desse estudo foi realizar uma revisão atualizada sobre infecções congênitas, destacando aspectos epidemiológicos, de diagnóstico e tratamento. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, sendo que, para a construção do texto utilizou-se das seguintes bases de dados: Scielo, pubmed, BVS e Google acadêmico. Portanto, a prevenção, o diagnóstico precoce das infecções congênitas e demais ações que visam o tratamento adequado da mulher e seu filho, com integração de programas de saúde e sistemas de vigilância locais, são de extrema importância para a saúde pública.

Objetivo: Determinar se o uso de drogas lícitas, ilícitas, uso de antibióticos, plantas medicinais e medicamentos de ação no sistema nervoso central são fatores de risco para alterações estruturais fetais. Métodos: Estudo do tipo caso-controle, realizado entre julho de 2017 e outubro de 2018, em um hospital público de medicina fetal. A população caso foi composta por 202 gestantes de fetos com malformações estruturais e a população controle por 80 gestantes. Aplicou-se um questionário antes da avaliação ultrassonográfica, com a finalidade de analisar os dados clínicos e epidemiológicos. Resultados: A ingestão de amoxicilina (OR: 0,35), espiramicina (OR: 0,05), passiflora (OR: 0,09) e sertralina (OR: 0,18) apresentaram associação negativa, com indicativo de proteção para malformações estruturais fetais. Houve o uso inadequado de ácido fólico e alto consumo de medicamentos. Conclusão: O uso de álcool, cigarro, drogas ilícitas, antibióticos, plantas medicinais e medicamentos de ação no sistema nervoso central, não definiu aumento de risco para malformações estruturais fetais. Porém, demonstra a falta de conscientização sobre a importância do planejamento familiar e os perigos do uso de medicamentos na gravidez.