Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, often known as gliptins, have been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). They may be combined with other medications as an additional treatment or used alone as a monotherapy. In addition to insulin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, and metformin, these molecules appear as possible therapeutic options. Oxadiazole rings have been employed in numerous different ways during drug development efforts. It has been shown that including them in the pharmacophore increases the amount of ligand that may be bound. The exceptional hydrogen bond acceptor properties of oxadiazoles and the distinct hydrocarbon bonding potential of their regioisomers have been established. Beside their anti-diabetic effects, oxadiazoles display a wide range of pharmacological properties. In this study, we made the assumption that molecules containing oxadiazole rings may afford a different approach to the treatment of diabetes, not only for controlling glycemic levels but also for preventing atherosclerosis progression and other complications associated with diabetes. It was observed that oxadiazole fusion with benzothiazole, 5-(2,5,2-trifluoroethoxy) phenyl, β-homophenylalanine, 2-methyl-2-{5-(4-chlorophenyl), diamine-bridged bis-coumarinyl, 5-aryl-2-(6′-nitrobenzofuran-2′-yl), nitrobenzofuran, and/or oxindole leads to potential anti-diabetic activity.

Acne vulgaris is a skin condition characterized by an obstruction or inflammation of the oil glands, present on skin's surface, which are collectively termed as pilosebaceous units. The skin on face, back, and upper chest have a greater number of sebaceous follicles. Topical, systemic, or combination therapy can be used to treat acne, while mild and moderate acne are generally treated with topical therapy. Topical acne therapy has direct access to the target site (skin) prior to reaching the blood stream, thereby reducing the systemic adverse effects of delivery of drug via parenteral or oral routes. Oral antibiotics, on the other hand, are a crucial treatment for acne which have not improved with topical treatment and for inflammatory lesions, such as pustules, nodules, and papules. Due to their capability to improve dermal therapeutics by boosting therapeutic efficacy and lowering adverse effects, nanodelivery technologies, developed to address skin delivery difficulties, have been extensively investigated. The goal of this study is to go through the many types of pharmacological dosage forms that are available for the treatment of acne.