Bariatric procedures are on the rise as a surgical treatment for morbid obesity. In reproductive age of women, bariatric surgeries will improve factors related to anovulation and lead to spontaneous fertility. Spontaneous pregnancy can happen within a year after bariatric surgery due to higher level of sex hormone binding globulin and follicular stimulating hormone and reduction in androgens level. Reduction of length of follicular phase of menstrual cycle was reported and contribute to improved ovulatory status.

Women of reproductive age frequently suffer from psychiatric disorders. The risk of developing anxiety, bipolar, and depressive disorders is especially significant during the perinatal period. This article aims to identify and discuss the different psychiatric conditions that might affect pregnant women and update the mother's carers about the recent and updated bidirectional relationship between psychiatric disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes, As well as the most updates in diagnostic and management strategies. A thorough analysis of the literature was conducted using database searches in EMBASE, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, and PubMed to obtain the objectives and aim of the study. The presence of maternal mental illness during pregnancy has been linked to preterm delivery, newborn hypoglycemia, poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, and disturbed attachment. Placental anomalies, small-for-gestational-age foetuses, foetal discomfort, and stillbirth are among more undesirable perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy-related psychiatric disorders are frequent. The outcomes for pregnant women, infants, and women's health are all improved by proper diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric problems.

This study aimed to compare the effects of intensity (I) and duration (D) on the oxidative stress marker (malondialdehyde, MDA) and the responses of the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; superoxide dismutase, SOD) among sedentary adults. In a crossover design, 25 sedentary adults performed nine cycling exercise sessions with a constant load of 50%, 60%, and 70% VO₂peak for 10-, 20-, and 30-min each. Plasma MDA, CAT, GPx, and SOD activity were measured before and immediately after each exercise session. Results show that MDA concentration and SOD activity increased significantly immediately after exercise at all intensities and durations, except SOD decreased significantly at 70% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk for 30 min. CAT activities also increased significantly after exercise at 50% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk for 10 and 20 min but decreased at 60% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk for 30 min and at 70% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk for all durations. GPx activity decreased significantly after 20 and 30 min at all intensity levels. In conclusion, our results show that cycling at 50%, 60%, and 70% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk for 10, 20, and 30 min increased oxidative stress and antioxidant activities, but with different responses. These findings suggest that the starting exercise intensity for sedentary adults should not exceed 70% $\dot{\mathrm{V}}$O₂pk.

The severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic impacts the health of women at reproductive age in different ways, starting from pregnancy planning to post-delivery. This narrative review summarises the challenges to obstetric practice posed by the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this paper, we highlight the impacts of COVID-19 to obstetric practice globally and the efforts taken to address these challenges. Further study is critical to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy, the outcome of COVID-19 positive pregnant women, and the safety of vaccination during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Vitiligo is one of the dermatomes affecting the melanocytes resulting in their destruction and subsequent patchy depigmentation of the skin. It is postulated to occur due to an autoimmune problem. Despite being a disease with limited systemic involvement and lack of mortality, it has a severe psychological impact. It may have a powerfully negative effect on a patient's quality of life. The relationship between vitiligo and pregnancy is not widely acknowledged. It may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as recurrent miscarriage, prematurity, intrauterine growth retardation and pre-eclampsia. Herein, this review describes the disease's adverse effects on pregnancy outcomes and the influence of pregnancy itself on the clinical evolution and prognosis of vitiligo.