Such as flying creatures, morphing aircraft can expand their aerodynamic flight envelopes by changing aerodynamic shapes, significantly improving the scope of application and flight efficiency. A novel 3D Zero Poisson’s Ratio (ZPR) honeycomb structure is designed to meet the flexible deformation requirements of morphing aircraft. The 3D ZPR honeycomb can deform in the three principal directions with smooth borders and isotropic. Analytical models related to the uniaxial and shear stiffnesses are derived using the Timoshenko beam model and validated using the quasi-static compression test. The Poisson’s ratio of the 3D ZPR honeycomb structure has an average value of 0.0038, proving the feasibility of the 3D ZPR concept. Some pneumatic muscle fibers are introduced into the system as flexible actuators to drive the active deformation of the 3D ZPR honeycomb. The active 3D ZPR honeycomb can contract by 14.4%, unidirectionally bend by 7.8°, and multi-directions bend under 0.4 Mpa pressure. Both ZPR properties and flexible morphing capabilities show the potential of this novel 3D ZPR configuration for morphing wings.

The honeycomb sandwich structure is widely used in energy-absorbing facilities because it is lightweight, has a high specific stiffness and high specific strength, and is easy to process. It also has dynamic mechanical characteristics such as a high impact resistance and high energy absorption. To explore the influence of the Poisson’s ratio on the local impact resistance, this paper compares and analyzes the local impact resistance of a series of honeycomb cores with different Poisson’s ratios under the impact of a spherical projectile at different speeds. Three typical honeycombs with negative/zero/positive Poisson ratios (re-entrant hexagon, semi-re-entrant hexagon, and hexagon) are selected to change the geometric parameters in order to have the same relative density and different Poisson ratios (−2.76–3.63). The relative magnitude of the rear face sheet displacement is in the order of negative Poisson’s ratio > zero Poisson’s ratio > positive Poisson’s ratio, which reveals that the honeycomb structure with the positive Poisson’s ratio has better protection ability than the others. Finally, a dual-wall hexagonal honeycomb is proposed. The rear face sheet displacement of the dual-wall hexagonal honeycomb sandwich structure is reduced by 34.4% at 25 m/s compared with the hexagonal honeycomb, which has a better local impact resistance.